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Country profile

Indonesia

At a glance

  • Indonesia has a population of about 285.7M; its total GDP of $1.4T ranks #17 of 168 countries with data.
  • Its surface area of 1,827,516 km² is about 9.6× the world median of 190,157 km².
  • CO₂ emissions (total) stands out most against the median: 812 Mt — rank #7 of 165 countries with data.

Indonesia: all 46 metrics vs the world median

Metric Value Rank vs median
Population & land
Population 285.7M (2025) #4 / 169 median 11.5M · 25×
Population growth 0.8% (2025) #104 / 169 median 1.1% · 71%
Urban population share 59.4% (2025) #100 / 169 median 63.8% · 93%
Population aged 65+ 7.5% (2025) #83 / 169 median 7.4% · 1.0×
Fertility rate 2.1 (2024) #83 / 169 median 2.1 · 1.0×
Birth rate 15.8‰ (2024) #89 / 169 median 16.0‰ · 99%
Death rate 7.6‰ (2024) #75 / 169 median 7.1‰ · 1.1×
Net migration -39.5K (2025) #144 / 169 N/A
Surface area 1,827,516 km² #17 / 176 median 190,157 km² · 9.6×
Population density derived 156/km² (2025) #37 / 169 median 73.2/km² · 2.1×
Economy
GDP (total) $1.4T (2025) #17 / 168 median $80.7B · 18×
GDP per capita $5,060 (2025) #98 / 168 median $6,834 · 74%
GNI per capita $5,120 (2025) #96 / 168 median $6,350 · 81%
GDP growth (annual) 5.1% (2025) #40 / 168 median 3.1% · 1.7×
Inflation rate 1.9% (2025) #115 / 162 median 3.3% · 58%
Unemployment rate 3.2% (2025) #127 / 168 median 5.1% · 63%
Gini index 34.4 (2025) #81 / 153 median 35.3 · 97%
Poverty rate ($2.15/day) 4.0% (2025) #68 / 153 median 2.5% · 1.6×
Trade & industry
Exports share of GDP 22.8% (2025) #117 / 163 median 35.0% · 65%
Imports share of GDP 20.5% (2025) #143 / 163 median 40.2% · 51%
Agriculture share of GDP 13.1% (2025) #56 / 168 median 7.2% · 1.8×
Manufacturing share of GDP 19.1% (2025) #22 / 165 median 11.2% · 1.7×
International tourist arrivals 4.1M (2020) #41 / 162 median 1.1M · 3.6×
Tourism receipts $3.5B (2020) #39 / 165 median $705M · 5.0×
Health & education
Life expectancy 71.3 years (2024) #106 / 169 median 73.8 years · 97%
Infant mortality 15.2‰ (2024) #74 / 166 median 13.1‰ · 1.2×
Under-five mortality 17.7‰ (2024) #74 / 166 median 15.8‰ · 1.1×
DPT immunization 78.0% (2024) #126 / 166 median 90.5% · 86%
Hospital beds 1.4 per 1,000 (2023) #109 / 167 median 2.0 per 1,000 · 68%
Health spending share of GDP 2.7% (2023) #157 / 165 median 6.5% · 41%
Secondary school enrollment 97.2% (2025) #59 / 167 median 90.5% · 1.1×
Education spending share of GDP 1.3% (2023) #158 / 165 median 4.1% · 31%
Society & living
Human Development Index 0.728 (2023) #93 / 165 median 0.754 · 97%
Internet users 72.8% (2024) #99 / 169 median 81.5% · 89%
Mobile subscriptions 122.5 per 100 (2024) #67 / 169 median 116.4 per 100 · 1.1×
Fixed broadband 4.9 per 100 (2024) #107 / 168 median 12.1 per 100 · 41%
Electricity access 99.9% (2024) #85 / 169 median 99.9% · 1.0×
Environment & security
CO₂ emissions per capita 2.9 t (2024) #79 / 165 median 2.6 t · 1.1×
CO₂ emissions (total) derived 812 Mt (2024) #7 / 165 median 21.3 Mt · 38×
Renewable electricity share 15.5% (2021) #120 / 169 median 34.1% · 46%
Renewable energy consumption 20.2% (2021) #100 / 169 median 26.9% · 75%
Forest area 47.7% (2023) #42 / 169 median 32.4% · 1.5×
Agricultural land 29.1% (2023) #113 / 169 median 41.7% · 70%
Arable land 9.4% (2023) #94 / 168 median 11.0% · 85%
PM2.5 exposure 20.8 µg/m³ (2023) #76 / 168 median 19.8 µg/m³ · 1.1×
Military spending 0.8% (2024) #132 / 157 median 1.8% · 43%

Ranks are value-descending and count only the countries that have data for that metric (#1 = highest value); N/A rows occupy no rank.

The median is the unweighted middle value across the countries with data (gold tick) — not a world average. Bars grow with the value: reaching the tick means matching the median, and a full bar means twice the median or more. The median value and this country's multiple are noted under each bar.

Indonesia's true-shape outline

Indonesia's border outline from Natural Earth 1:110m boundaries — total surface area 1,827,516 km².

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Data & method

Indicators: World Bank Open Data, 43 indicators — CC BY 4.0 © World Bank — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/; Human Development Index — CC BY 3.0 IGO © United Nations Development Programme — https://hdr.undp.org/terms-use

Boundaries: Natural Earth 1:110m (public domain); surface areas are computed with an equal-area spherical formula (Chamberlin–Duquette).

Reference facts (capital, languages, currencies, subregion): mledoze/countries (ODbL).