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Country profile

Cuba

At a glance

  • Cuba has a population of about 10.9M; its total GDP of $107.4B ranks #71 of 168 countries with data.
  • Its surface area of 115,209 km² is about 61% of the world median of 190,157 km².
  • Renewable electricity share stands out most against the median: 4.8% — rank #145 of 169 countries with data.

Cuba: all 46 metrics vs the world median

Metric Value Rank vs median
Population & land
Population 10.9M (2025) #87 / 169 median 11.5M · 95%
Population growth -0.4% (2025) #157 / 169 N/A
Urban population share 77.2% (2025) #47 / 169 median 63.8% · 1.2×
Population aged 65+ 17.0% (2025) #42 / 169 median 7.4% · 2.3×
Fertility rate 1.4 (2024) #131 / 169 median 2.1 · 69%
Birth rate 8.6‰ (2024) #142 / 169 median 16.0‰ · 54%
Death rate 10.4‰ (2024) #26 / 169 median 7.1‰ · 1.5×
Net migration -22.2K (2025) #126 / 169 N/A
Surface area 115,209 km² #103 / 176 median 190,157 km² · 61%
Population density derived 94.9/km² (2025) #71 / 169 median 73.2/km² · 1.3×
Economy
GDP (total) $107.4B (2020) #71 / 168 median $80.7B · 1.3×
GDP per capita $9,605 (2020) #71 / 168 median $6,834 · 1.4×
GNI per capita $9,010 (2019) #70 / 168 median $6,350 · 1.4×
GDP growth (annual) -1.1% (2024) #159 / 168 N/A
Inflation rate N/A N/A N/A
Unemployment rate 1.7% (2025) #155 / 168 median 5.1% · 34%
Gini index N/A N/A N/A
Poverty rate ($2.15/day) N/A N/A N/A
Trade & industry
Exports share of GDP 42.5% (2024) #57 / 163 median 35.0% · 1.2×
Imports share of GDP 82.4% (2024) #13 / 163 median 40.2% · 2.0×
Agriculture share of GDP 1.2% (2024) #149 / 168 median 7.2% · 17%
Manufacturing share of GDP 10.7% (2024) #87 / 165 median 11.2% · 96%
International tourist arrivals 1.1M (2020) #83 / 162 median 1.1M · 96%
Tourism receipts $1.2B (2020) #67 / 165 median $705M · 1.6×
Health & education
Life expectancy 78.3 years (2024) #46 / 169 median 73.8 years · 1.1×
Infant mortality 6.8‰ (2024) #116 / 166 median 13.1‰ · 52%
Under-five mortality 8.6‰ (2024) #112 / 166 median 15.8‰ · 55%
DPT immunization 99.0% (2024) #3 / 166 median 90.5% · 1.1×
Hospital beds 4.3 per 1,000 (2023) #30 / 167 median 2.0 per 1,000 · 2.1×
Health spending share of GDP 9.4% (2023) #32 / 165 median 6.5% · 1.4×
Secondary school enrollment 91.7% (2024) #79 / 167 median 90.5% · 1.0×
Education spending share of GDP 8.4% (2022) #3 / 165 median 4.1% · 2.0×
Society & living
Human Development Index 0.762 (2023) #80 / 165 median 0.754 · 1.0×
Internet users 70.5% (2024) #102 / 169 median 81.5% · 87%
Mobile subscriptions 72.9 per 100 (2024) #139 / 169 median 116.4 per 100 · 63%
Fixed broadband 3.1 per 100 (2024) #114 / 168 median 12.1 per 100 · 26%
Electricity access 100.0% (2024) #17 / 169 median 99.9% · 1.0×
Environment & security
CO₂ emissions per capita 1.9 t (2024) #97 / 165 median 2.6 t · 72%
CO₂ emissions (total) derived 21.0 Mt (2024) #84 / 165 median 21.3 Mt · 98%
Renewable electricity share 4.8% (2021) #145 / 169 median 34.1% · 14%
Renewable energy consumption 20.9% (2021) #97 / 169 median 26.9% · 78%
Forest area 31.2% (2023) #86 / 169 median 32.4% · 96%
Agricultural land 61.7% (2023) #33 / 169 median 41.7% · 1.5×
Arable land 28.0% (2023) #30 / 168 median 11.0% · 2.5×
PM2.5 exposure 9.4 µg/m³ (2023) #144 / 168 median 19.8 µg/m³ · 48%
Military spending 2.9% (2018) #33 / 157 median 1.8% · 1.6×

Ranks are value-descending and count only the countries that have data for that metric (#1 = highest value); N/A rows occupy no rank.

The median is the unweighted middle value across the countries with data (gold tick) — not a world average. Bars grow with the value: reaching the tick means matching the median, and a full bar means twice the median or more. The median value and this country's multiple are noted under each bar.

Cuba's true-shape outline

Cuba's border outline from Natural Earth 1:110m boundaries — total surface area 115,209 km².

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Data & method

Indicators: World Bank Open Data, 43 indicators — CC BY 4.0 © World Bank — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/; Human Development Index — CC BY 3.0 IGO © United Nations Development Programme — https://hdr.undp.org/terms-use

Boundaries: Natural Earth 1:110m (public domain); surface areas are computed with an equal-area spherical formula (Chamberlin–Duquette).

Reference facts (capital, languages, currencies, subregion): mledoze/countries (ODbL).