GlobeVS

Country profile

Romania

At a glance

  • Romania has a population of about 19M; its total GDP of $428.7B ranks #37 of 168 countries with data.
  • Its surface area of 238,400 km² is about 1.2× the world median of 198,330 km².
  • GDP (total) stands out most against the median: $428.7B — rank #37 of 168 countries with data.

Where Romania stands

Population log axis

Population across 169 countries with data: Romania at 19M, rank #67, world median 11.5M, logarithmic axis. Median 11.5M Romania · 19M

GDP (total) log axis

GDP (total) across 168 countries with data: Romania at $428.7B, rank #37, world median $80.7B, logarithmic axis. Median $80.7B Romania · $428.7B

GDP per capita log axis

GDP per capita across 168 countries with data: Romania at $22,538, rank #47, world median $6,834, logarithmic axis. Median $6,834 Romania · $22,538

Life expectancy

Life expectancy across 169 countries with data: Romania at 76.5 years, rank #66, world median 73.8 years. Median 73.8 years Romania · 76.5 years

Every dot is one country with data — the highlighted dot is this country; the dashed line marks the world median. Wide-range metrics use a logarithmic axis (tagged) so the whole field stays readable.

Romania: all 46 metrics vs the world median

Metric Value Trend Rank vs median
Population & land
Population 19M (2025) −12% #67 / 169 median 11.5M · 1.7×
Population growth -0.2% (2025) #151 / 169 N/A
Urban population share 52.2% (2025) −1% #119 / 169 median 63.8% · 82%
Population aged 65+ 20.1% (2025) +43% #29 / 169 median 7.4% · 2.7×
Fertility rate 1.4 (2024) +9% #141 / 169 median 2.1 · 66%
Birth rate 7.5‰ (2024) −23% #156 / 169 median 16.0‰ · 47%
Death rate 12.8‰ (2024) +3% #12 / 169 median 7.1‰ · 1.8×
Net migration -29K (2025) #136 / 169 N/A
Surface area 238,400 km² (2023) #84 / 176 median 198,330 km² · 1.2×
Population density derived 79.8/km² (2025) −12% #77 / 169 median 75.5/km² · 1.1×
Economy
GDP (total) $428.7B (2025) +831% #37 / 168 median $80.7B · 5.3×
GDP per capita $22,538 (2025) +963% #47 / 168 median $6,834 · 3.3×
GNI per capita $20,190 (2025) +935% #47 / 168 median $6,350 · 3.2×
GDP growth (annual) 0.7% (2025) −88% #142 / 168 median 3.1% · 22%
Inflation rate 7.2% (2025) −68% #37 / 162 median 3.3% · 2.2×
Unemployment rate 6.0% (2025) −26% #68 / 168 median 5.1% · 1.2×
Gini index 29.8 (2023) −1% #126 / 153 median 35.3 · 84%
Poverty rate ($2.15/day) 0.7% (2023) −92% #106 / 153 median 2.5% · 28%
Trade & industry
Exports share of GDP 35.5% (2025) +48% #79 / 163 median 35.0% · 1.0×
Imports share of GDP 40.7% (2025) +37% #79 / 163 median 40.2% · 1.0×
Agriculture share of GDP 3.0% (2025) −74% #118 / 168 median 7.2% · 42%
Manufacturing share of GDP 11.8% (2025) −46% #77 / 165 median 11.2% · 1.1×
International tourist arrivals 5M (2020) +5% #34 / 162 median 1.1M · 4.4×
Tourism receipts $1.6B (2020) +303% #61 / 165 median $705M · 2.3×
Health & education
Life expectancy 76.5 years (2024) +8% #66 / 169 median 73.8 years · 1.0×
Infant mortality 6.0‰ (2024) −65% #118 / 166 median 13.1‰ · 46%
Under-five mortality 7.3‰ (2024) −64% #118 / 166 median 15.8‰ · 46%
DPT immunization 79.0% (2024) −19% #124 / 166 median 90.5% · 87%
Hospital beds 7.2 per 1,000 (2022) −6% #9 / 167 median 2.0 per 1,000 · 3.6×
Health spending share of GDP 5.7% (2023) +25% #95 / 165 median 6.5% · 87%
Secondary school enrollment 81.6% (2023) −4% #106 / 167 median 90.5% · 90%
Education spending share of GDP 3.3% (2022) −6% #113 / 165 median 4.1% · 79%
Society & living
Human Development Index 0.845 (2023) +13% #47 / 165 median 0.754 · 1.1×
Internet users 91.3% (2024) +1287% #40 / 169 median 81.5% · 1.1×
Mobile subscriptions 119.8 per 100 (2024) +410% #75 / 169 median 116.4 per 100 · 1.0×
Fixed broadband 35.8 per 100 (2024) +49226% #30 / 168 median 12.1 per 100 · 3.0×
Electricity access 100.0% (2024) +5% #60 / 169 median 99.9% · 1.0×
Environment & security
CO₂ emissions per capita 3.7 t (2024) −22% #67 / 165 median 2.6 t · 1.4×
CO₂ emissions (total) derived 70.9 Mt (2024) −31% #47 / 165 median 21.3 Mt · 3.3×
Renewable electricity share 44.9% (2021) +53% #67 / 169 median 34.1% · 1.3×
Renewable energy consumption 23.6% (2021) +64% #92 / 169 median 26.9% · 88%
Forest area 30.1% (2023) +8% #89 / 169 median 32.4% · 93%
Agricultural land 55.3% (2023) −14% #46 / 169 median 41.7% · 1.3×
Arable land 36.5% (2023) −10% #16 / 168 median 11.0% · 3.3×
PM2.5 exposure 16.0 µg/m³ (2023) −41% #107 / 168 median 19.8 µg/m³ · 81%
Military spending 2.3% (2024) +0% #49 / 157 median 1.8% · 1.3×

Ranks are value-descending and count only the countries that have data for that metric (#1 = highest value); N/A rows occupy no rank.

The median is the unweighted middle value across the countries with data (gold tick) — not a world average. Bars grow with the value: reaching the tick means matching the median, and a full bar means twice the median or more. The median value and this country's multiple are noted under each bar.

Romania's true-shape outline

Romania's border outline from Natural Earth 1:110m boundaries — total surface area 238,400 km².

Romania head-to-head pages

Open Romania in the interactive compare tool →

See Romania's true size on the drag-and-drop map →

Measure the distance to Romania →

Back to the homepage

Other countries

Show 75 more Show less

Data & method

Indicators: World Bank Open Data, 43 indicators — CC BY 4.0 © World Bank — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/; Surface area (sq. km) — CC BY 4.0 © World Bank — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/; Human Development Index — CC BY 3.0 IGO © United Nations Development Programme — https://hdr.undp.org/terms-use

Boundaries: Natural Earth 1:110m (public domain); surface areas are computed with an equal-area spherical formula (Chamberlin–Duquette).

Reference facts (capital, languages, currencies, subregion): mledoze/countries (ODbL).