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Country profile

Ethiopia

At a glance

  • Ethiopia has a population of about 135.5M; its total GDP of $126.4B ranks #65 of 168 countries with data.
  • Its surface area of 1,137,055 km² is about 6.0× the world median of 190,157 km².
  • Fixed broadband stands out most against the median: 0.6 per 100 — rank #140 of 168 countries with data.

Ethiopia: all 46 metrics vs the world median

Metric Value Rank vs median
Population & land
Population 135.5M (2025) #10 / 169 median 11.5M · 12×
Population growth 2.6% (2025) #24 / 169 median 1.1% · 2.3×
Urban population share 24.1% (2025) #163 / 169 median 63.8% · 38%
Population aged 65+ 3.3% (2025) #137 / 169 median 7.4% · 45%
Fertility rate 3.9 (2024) #27 / 169 median 2.1 · 1.9×
Birth rate 31.5‰ (2024) #24 / 169 median 16.0‰ · 2.0×
Death rate 5.9‰ (2024) #125 / 169 median 7.1‰ · 82%
Net migration 24.1K (2025) #30 / 169 N/A
Surface area 1,137,055 km² #28 / 176 median 190,157 km² · 6.0×
Population density derived 119/km² (2025) #48 / 169 median 73.2/km² · 1.6×
Economy
GDP (total) $126.4B (2025) #65 / 168 median $80.7B · 1.6×
GDP per capita $933 (2025) #154 / 168 median $6,834 · 14%
GNI per capita $1,110 (2025) #148 / 168 median $6,350 · 17%
GDP growth (annual) 9.8% (2025) #5 / 168 median 3.1% · 3.2×
Inflation rate 13.2% (2025) #19 / 162 median 3.3% · 4.0×
Unemployment rate 3.3% (2025) #122 / 168 median 5.1% · 65%
Gini index 31.1 (2021) #115 / 153 median 35.3 · 88%
Poverty rate ($2.15/day) 38.6% (2021) #28 / 153 median 2.5% · 15×
Trade & industry
Exports share of GDP 13.3% (2025) #148 / 163 median 35.0% · 38%
Imports share of GDP 20.2% (2025) #146 / 163 median 40.2% · 50%
Agriculture share of GDP 32.8% (2025) #9 / 168 median 7.2% · 4.6×
Manufacturing share of GDP 4.2% (2025) #149 / 165 median 11.2% · 38%
International tourist arrivals 518K (2020) #112 / 162 median 1.1M · 46%
Tourism receipts $2.3B (2020) #50 / 165 median $705M · 3.2×
Health & education
Life expectancy 67.6 years (2024) #128 / 169 median 73.8 years · 92%
Infant mortality 34.5‰ (2024) #34 / 166 median 13.1‰ · 2.6×
Under-five mortality 44.5‰ (2024) #35 / 166 median 15.8‰ · 2.8×
DPT immunization 73.0% (2024) #135 / 166 median 90.5% · 81%
Hospital beds 0.3 per 1,000 (2016) #160 / 167 median 2.0 per 1,000 · 16%
Health spending share of GDP 2.8% (2023) #155 / 165 median 6.5% · 43%
Secondary school enrollment 33.9% (2015) #157 / 167 median 90.5% · 37%
Education spending share of GDP 2.3% (2024) #143 / 165 median 4.1% · 55%
Society & living
Human Development Index 0.497 (2023) #152 / 165 median 0.754 · 66%
Internet users 21.9% (2024) #151 / 169 median 81.5% · 27%
Mobile subscriptions 65.1 per 100 (2024) #152 / 169 median 116.4 per 100 · 56%
Fixed broadband 0.6 per 100 (2024) #140 / 168 median 12.1 per 100 · 5%
Electricity access 56.6% (2024) #144 / 169 median 99.9% · 57%
Environment & security
CO₂ emissions per capita 0.1 t (2024) #158 / 165 median 2.6 t · 6%
CO₂ emissions (total) derived 19.4 Mt (2024) #88 / 165 median 21.3 Mt · 91%
Renewable electricity share 95.4% (2020) #10 / 169 median 34.1% · 2.8×
Renewable energy consumption 90.6% (2021) #7 / 169 median 26.9% · 3.4×
Forest area 14.9% (2023) #114 / 169 median 32.4% · 46%
Agricultural land 34.1% (2023) #103 / 169 median 41.7% · 82%
Arable land 14.5% (2023) #65 / 168 median 11.0% · 1.3×
PM2.5 exposure 23.8 µg/m³ (2023) #62 / 168 median 19.8 µg/m³ · 1.2×
Military spending 0.7% (2024) #142 / 157 median 1.8% · 36%

Ranks are value-descending and count only the countries that have data for that metric (#1 = highest value); N/A rows occupy no rank.

The median is the unweighted middle value across the countries with data (gold tick) — not a world average. Bars grow with the value: reaching the tick means matching the median, and a full bar means twice the median or more. The median value and this country's multiple are noted under each bar.

Ethiopia's true-shape outline

Ethiopia's border outline from Natural Earth 1:110m boundaries — total surface area 1,137,055 km².

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Data & method

Indicators: World Bank Open Data, 43 indicators — CC BY 4.0 © World Bank — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/; Human Development Index — CC BY 3.0 IGO © United Nations Development Programme — https://hdr.undp.org/terms-use

Boundaries: Natural Earth 1:110m (public domain); surface areas are computed with an equal-area spherical formula (Chamberlin–Duquette).

Reference facts (capital, languages, currencies, subregion): mledoze/countries (ODbL).