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Country profile

Bulgaria

At a glance

  • Bulgaria has a population of about 6.4M; its total GDP of $130.8B ranks #61 of 168 countries with data.
  • Its surface area of 110,034 km² is about 58% of the world median of 190,157 km².
  • International tourist arrivals stands out most against the median: 5M — rank #35 of 162 countries with data.

Bulgaria: all 46 metrics vs the world median

Metric Value Rank vs median
Population & land
Population 6.4M (2025) #110 / 169 median 11.5M · 56%
Population growth -0.1% (2025) #148 / 169 N/A
Urban population share 74.2% (2025) #53 / 169 median 63.8% · 1.2×
Population aged 65+ 22.2% (2025) #12 / 169 median 7.4% · 3.0×
Fertility rate 1.7 (2024) #104 / 169 median 2.1 · 82%
Birth rate 8.3‰ (2024) #146 / 169 median 16.0‰ · 52%
Death rate 15.6‰ (2024) #1 / 169 median 7.1‰ · 2.2×
Net migration -3K (2025) #79 / 169 N/A
Surface area 110,034 km² #106 / 176 median 190,157 km² · 58%
Population density derived 58.5/km² (2025) #100 / 169 median 73.2/km² · 80%
Economy
GDP (total) $130.8B (2025) #61 / 168 median $80.7B · 1.6×
GDP per capita $20,328 (2025) #48 / 168 median $6,834 · 3.0×
GNI per capita $17,780 (2025) #52 / 168 median $6,350 · 2.8×
GDP growth (annual) 3.1% (2025) #83 / 168 median 3.1% · 1.0×
Inflation rate 4.6% (2025) #49 / 162 median 3.3% · 1.4×
Unemployment rate 3.5% (2025) #116 / 168 median 5.1% · 69%
Gini index 39.5 (2023) #46 / 153 median 35.3 · 1.1×
Poverty rate ($2.15/day) 1.0% (2023) #96 / 153 median 2.5% · 40%
Trade & industry
Exports share of GDP 50.7% (2025) #40 / 163 median 35.0% · 1.5×
Imports share of GDP 51.8% (2025) #58 / 163 median 40.2% · 1.3×
Agriculture share of GDP 2.5% (2025) #127 / 168 median 7.2% · 34%
Manufacturing share of GDP N/A N/A N/A
International tourist arrivals 5M (2020) #35 / 162 median 1.1M · 4.4×
Tourism receipts $1.8B (2020) #56 / 165 median $705M · 2.5×
Health & education
Life expectancy 75.8 years (2024) #70 / 169 median 73.8 years · 1.0×
Infant mortality 4.6‰ (2024) #127 / 166 median 13.1‰ · 35%
Under-five mortality 5.7‰ (2024) #126 / 166 median 15.8‰ · 36%
DPT immunization 94.0% (2024) #54 / 166 median 90.5% · 1.0×
Hospital beds 8.2 per 1,000 (2023) #7 / 167 median 2.0 per 1,000 · 4.1×
Health spending share of GDP 7.9% (2023) #56 / 165 median 6.5% · 1.2×
Secondary school enrollment 94.8% (2024) #66 / 167 median 90.5% · 1.0×
Education spending share of GDP 4.5% (2022) #67 / 165 median 4.1% · 1.1×
Society & living
Human Development Index 0.845 (2023) #46 / 165 median 0.754 · 1.1×
Internet users 82.4% (2024) #79 / 169 median 81.5% · 1.0×
Mobile subscriptions 118.1 per 100 (2024) #79 / 169 median 116.4 per 100 · 1.0×
Fixed broadband 37.0 per 100 (2023) #26 / 168 median 12.1 per 100 · 3.1×
Electricity access 100.0% (2024) #13 / 169 median 99.9% · 1.0×
Environment & security
CO₂ emissions per capita 5.3 t (2024) #44 / 165 median 2.6 t · 2.0×
CO₂ emissions (total) derived 34.2 Mt (2024) #63 / 165 median 21.3 Mt · 1.6×
Renewable electricity share 22.2% (2021) #107 / 169 median 34.1% · 65%
Renewable energy consumption 20.4% (2021) #99 / 169 median 26.9% · 76%
Forest area 36.2% (2023) #67 / 169 median 32.4% · 1.1×
Agricultural land 46.1% (2023) #67 / 169 median 41.7% · 1.1×
Arable land 32.1% (2023) #22 / 168 median 11.0% · 2.9×
PM2.5 exposure 19.7 µg/m³ (2023) #85 / 168 median 19.8 µg/m³ · 99%
Military spending 2.1% (2024) #56 / 157 median 1.8% · 1.2×

Ranks are value-descending and count only the countries that have data for that metric (#1 = highest value); N/A rows occupy no rank.

The median is the unweighted middle value across the countries with data (gold tick) — not a world average. Bars grow with the value: reaching the tick means matching the median, and a full bar means twice the median or more. The median value and this country's multiple are noted under each bar.

Bulgaria's true-shape outline

Bulgaria's border outline from Natural Earth 1:110m boundaries — total surface area 110,034 km².

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Data & method

Indicators: World Bank Open Data, 43 indicators — CC BY 4.0 © World Bank — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/; Human Development Index — CC BY 3.0 IGO © United Nations Development Programme — https://hdr.undp.org/terms-use

Boundaries: Natural Earth 1:110m (public domain); surface areas are computed with an equal-area spherical formula (Chamberlin–Duquette).

Reference facts (capital, languages, currencies, subregion): mledoze/countries (ODbL).