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Country profile

Poland

At a glance

  • Poland has a population of about 36.4M; its total GDP of $1T ranks #21 of 168 countries with data.
  • Its surface area of 309,125 km² is about 1.6× the world median of 190,157 km².
  • International tourist arrivals stands out most against the median: 88.5M — rank #2 of 162 countries with data.

Poland: all 46 metrics vs the world median

Metric Value Rank vs median
Population & land
Population 36.4M (2025) #44 / 169 median 11.5M · 3.2×
Population growth -0.3% (2025) #156 / 169 N/A
Urban population share 60.1% (2025) #96 / 169 median 63.8% · 94%
Population aged 65+ 20.8% (2025) #24 / 169 median 7.4% · 2.8×
Fertility rate 1.1 (2024) #163 / 169 median 2.1 · 54%
Birth rate 6.9‰ (2024) #160 / 169 median 16.0‰ · 43%
Death rate 11.2‰ (2024) #19 / 169 median 7.1‰ · 1.6×
Net migration -330.8K (2025) #164 / 169 N/A
Surface area 309,125 km² #73 / 176 median 190,157 km² · 1.6×
Population density derived 118/km² (2025) #50 / 169 median 73.2/km² · 1.6×
Economy
GDP (total) $1T (2025) #21 / 168 median $80.7B · 13×
GDP per capita $28,420 (2025) #41 / 168 median $6,834 · 4.2×
GNI per capita $25,520 (2025) #41 / 168 median $6,350 · 4.0×
GDP growth (annual) 3.6% (2025) #74 / 168 median 3.1% · 1.2×
Inflation rate 3.8% (2025) #66 / 162 median 3.3% · 1.2×
Unemployment rate 3.0% (2025) #136 / 168 median 5.1% · 58%
Gini index 28.5 (2023) #135 / 153 median 35.3 · 81%
Poverty rate ($2.15/day) 0.2% (2023) #126 / 153 median 2.5% · 8%
Trade & industry
Exports share of GDP 50.0% (2025) #41 / 163 median 35.0% · 1.4×
Imports share of GDP 47.1% (2025) #68 / 163 median 40.2% · 1.2×
Agriculture share of GDP 2.5% (2025) #128 / 168 median 7.2% · 34%
Manufacturing share of GDP 15.0% (2025) #38 / 165 median 11.2% · 1.3×
International tourist arrivals 88.5M (2019) #2 / 162 median 1.1M · 78×
Tourism receipts $8.4B (2020) #25 / 165 median $705M · 12×
Health & education
Life expectancy 78.4 years (2024) #42 / 169 median 73.8 years · 1.1×
Infant mortality 3.6‰ (2024) #136 / 166 median 13.1‰ · 28%
Under-five mortality 4.2‰ (2024) #137 / 166 median 15.8‰ · 27%
DPT immunization 94.0% (2024) #60 / 166 median 90.5% · 1.0×
Hospital beds 6.0 per 1,000 (2022) #16 / 167 median 2.0 per 1,000 · 3.0×
Health spending share of GDP 8.1% (2024) #53 / 165 median 6.5% · 1.2×
Secondary school enrollment 107.9% (2024) #24 / 167 median 90.5% · 1.2×
Education spending share of GDP 4.3% (2022) #75 / 165 median 4.1% · 1.0×
Society & living
Human Development Index 0.906 (2023) #29 / 165 median 0.754 · 1.2×
Internet users 88.6% (2024) #57 / 169 median 81.5% · 1.1×
Mobile subscriptions 138.0 per 100 (2024) #35 / 169 median 116.4 per 100 · 1.2×
Fixed broadband 25.4 per 100 (2024) #54 / 168 median 12.1 per 100 · 2.1×
Electricity access 100.0% (2024) #56 / 169 median 99.9% · 1.0×
Environment & security
CO₂ emissions per capita 7.6 t (2024) #26 / 165 median 2.6 t · 2.9×
CO₂ emissions (total) derived 276 Mt (2024) #23 / 165 median 21.3 Mt · 13×
Renewable electricity share 17.5% (2021) #117 / 169 median 34.1% · 51%
Renewable energy consumption 15.2% (2021) #116 / 169 median 26.9% · 57%
Forest area 31.1% (2023) #87 / 169 median 32.4% · 96%
Agricultural land 47.6% (2023) #62 / 169 median 41.7% · 1.1×
Arable land 36.6% (2023) #15 / 168 median 11.0% · 3.3×
PM2.5 exposure 16.5 µg/m³ (2023) #105 / 168 median 19.8 µg/m³ · 83%
Military spending 4.2% (2024) #18 / 157 median 1.8% · 2.3×

Ranks are value-descending and count only the countries that have data for that metric (#1 = highest value); N/A rows occupy no rank.

The median is the unweighted middle value across the countries with data (gold tick) — not a world average. Bars grow with the value: reaching the tick means matching the median, and a full bar means twice the median or more. The median value and this country's multiple are noted under each bar.

Poland's true-shape outline

Poland's border outline from Natural Earth 1:110m boundaries — total surface area 309,125 km².

Poland head-to-head pages

Poland vs Germany: side-by-side comparison

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See Poland's true size on the drag-and-drop map →

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Data & method

Indicators: World Bank Open Data, 43 indicators — CC BY 4.0 © World Bank — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/; Human Development Index — CC BY 3.0 IGO © United Nations Development Programme — https://hdr.undp.org/terms-use

Boundaries: Natural Earth 1:110m (public domain); surface areas are computed with an equal-area spherical formula (Chamberlin–Duquette).

Reference facts (capital, languages, currencies, subregion): mledoze/countries (ODbL).