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Country profile

India

At a glance

  • India has a population of about 1.5B; its total GDP of $4T ranks #6 of 168 countries with data.
  • Its surface area of 3,150,247 km² is about 17× the world median of 190,157 km².
  • CO₂ emissions (total) stands out most against the median: 3,154 Mt — rank #3 of 165 countries with data.

India: all 46 metrics vs the world median

Metric Value Rank vs median
Population & land
Population 1.5B (2025) #1 / 169 median 11.5M · 127×
Population growth 0.9% (2025) #98 / 169 median 1.1% · 81%
Urban population share 35.7% (2025) #143 / 169 median 63.8% · 56%
Population aged 65+ 7.4% (2025) #85 / 169 median 7.4% · 1.0×
Fertility rate 2.0 (2024) #90 / 169 median 2.1 · 94%
Birth rate 16.0‰ (2024) #85 / 169 median 16.0‰ · 1.0×
Death rate 6.6‰ (2024) #102 / 169 median 7.1‰ · 92%
Net migration -495.8K (2025) #168 / 169 N/A
Surface area 3,150,247 km² #8 / 176 median 190,157 km² · 17×
Population density derived 465/km² (2025) #7 / 169 median 73.2/km² · 6.3×
Economy
GDP (total) $4T (2025) #6 / 168 median $80.7B · 49×
GDP per capita $2,702 (2025) #123 / 168 median $6,834 · 40%
GNI per capita $2,760 (2025) #121 / 168 median $6,350 · 43%
GDP growth (annual) 7.6% (2025) #14 / 168 median 3.1% · 2.5×
Inflation rate 2.4% (2025) #102 / 162 median 3.3% · 73%
Unemployment rate 4.2% (2025) #105 / 168 median 5.1% · 82%
Gini index 25.5 (2022) #150 / 153 median 35.3 · 72%
Poverty rate ($2.15/day) 5.3% (2022) #62 / 153 median 2.5% · 2.1×
Trade & industry
Exports share of GDP 22.3% (2025) #118 / 163 median 35.0% · 64%
Imports share of GDP 24.0% (2025) #134 / 163 median 40.2% · 60%
Agriculture share of GDP 16.2% (2025) #46 / 168 median 7.2% · 2.3×
Manufacturing share of GDP 13.5% (2025) #54 / 165 median 11.2% · 1.2×
International tourist arrivals 17.9M (2019) #14 / 162 median 1.1M · 16×
Tourism receipts $13.4B (2020) #15 / 165 median $705M · 19×
Health & education
Life expectancy 72.2 years (2024) #100 / 169 median 73.8 years · 98%
Infant mortality 23.3‰ (2024) #58 / 166 median 13.1‰ · 1.8×
Under-five mortality 26.6‰ (2024) #59 / 166 median 15.8‰ · 1.7×
DPT immunization 94.0% (2024) #58 / 166 median 90.5% · 1.0×
Hospital beds 1.6 per 1,000 (2021) #102 / 167 median 2.0 per 1,000 · 79%
Health spending share of GDP 3.3% (2023) #144 / 165 median 6.5% · 51%
Secondary school enrollment 79.6% (2025) #109 / 167 median 90.5% · 88%
Education spending share of GDP 4.1% (2022) #84 / 165 median 4.1% · 99%
Society & living
Human Development Index 0.685 (2023) #108 / 165 median 0.754 · 91%
Internet users 70.0% (2025) #103 / 169 median 81.5% · 86%
Mobile subscriptions 79.4 per 100 (2024) #133 / 169 median 116.4 per 100 · 68%
Fixed broadband 3.2 per 100 (2024) #113 / 168 median 12.1 per 100 · 26%
Electricity access 99.9% (2024) #84 / 169 median 99.9% · 1.0×
Environment & security
CO₂ emissions per capita 2.2 t (2024) #92 / 165 median 2.6 t · 82%
CO₂ emissions (total) derived 3,154 Mt (2024) #3 / 165 median 21.3 Mt · 148×
Renewable electricity share 19.1% (2021) #116 / 169 median 34.1% · 56%
Renewable energy consumption 34.9% (2021) #64 / 169 median 26.9% · 1.3×
Forest area 24.5% (2023) #99 / 169 median 32.4% · 76%
Agricultural land 60.1% (2023) #36 / 169 median 41.7% · 1.4×
Arable land 51.8% (2023) #5 / 168 median 11.0% · 4.7×
PM2.5 exposure 54.1 µg/m³ (2023) #10 / 168 median 19.8 µg/m³ · 2.7×
Military spending 2.3% (2024) #51 / 157 median 1.8% · 1.3×

Ranks are value-descending and count only the countries that have data for that metric (#1 = highest value); N/A rows occupy no rank.

The median is the unweighted middle value across the countries with data (gold tick) — not a world average. Bars grow with the value: reaching the tick means matching the median, and a full bar means twice the median or more. The median value and this country's multiple are noted under each bar.

India's true-shape outline

India's border outline from Natural Earth 1:110m boundaries — total surface area 3,150,247 km².

India head-to-head pages

India vs China: side-by-side comparison

India vs United States: side-by-side comparison

India vs Pakistan: side-by-side comparison

India vs Bangladesh: side-by-side comparison

India vs Australia: side-by-side comparison

Open India in the interactive compare tool →

See India's true size on the drag-and-drop map →

Measure the distance to India →

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Data & method

Indicators: World Bank Open Data, 43 indicators — CC BY 4.0 © World Bank — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/; Human Development Index — CC BY 3.0 IGO © United Nations Development Programme — https://hdr.undp.org/terms-use

Boundaries: Natural Earth 1:110m (public domain); surface areas are computed with an equal-area spherical formula (Chamberlin–Duquette).

Reference facts (capital, languages, currencies, subregion): mledoze/countries (ODbL).