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Country profile

Netherlands

At a glance

  • Netherlands has a population of about 18.1M; its total GDP of $1.3T ranks #18 of 168 countries with data.
  • Its surface area of 39,772 km² is about 21% of the world median of 190,157 km².
  • Poverty rate ($2.15/day) stands out most against the median: 0.1% — rank #137 of 153 countries with data.

Netherlands: all 46 metrics vs the world median

Metric Value Rank vs median
Population & land
Population 18.1M (2025) #71 / 169 median 11.5M · 1.6×
Population growth 0.5% (2025) #117 / 169 median 1.1% · 47%
Urban population share 95.9% (2025) #3 / 169 median 63.8% · 1.5×
Population aged 65+ 20.9% (2025) #23 / 169 median 7.4% · 2.8×
Fertility rate 1.4 (2024) #134 / 169 median 2.1 · 68%
Birth rate 9.2‰ (2024) #136 / 169 median 16.0‰ · 58%
Death rate 9.6‰ (2024) #38 / 169 median 7.1‰ · 1.3×
Net migration 104.7K (2025) #16 / 169 N/A
Surface area 39,772 km² #136 / 176 median 190,157 km² · 21%
Population density derived 455/km² (2025) #8 / 169 median 73.2/km² · 6.2×
Economy
GDP (total) $1.3T (2025) #18 / 168 median $80.7B · 17×
GDP per capita $73,684 (2025) #8 / 168 median $6,834 · 11×
GNI per capita $68,530 (2025) #9 / 168 median $6,350 · 11×
GDP growth (annual) 1.8% (2025) #120 / 168 median 3.1% · 58%
Inflation rate 3.3% (2025) #84 / 162 median 3.3% · 99%
Unemployment rate 3.9% (2025) #109 / 168 median 5.1% · 75%
Gini index 25.7 (2021) #148 / 153 median 35.3 · 73%
Poverty rate ($2.15/day) 0.1% (2021) #137 / 153 median 2.5% · 4%
Trade & industry
Exports share of GDP 80.7% (2025) #9 / 163 median 35.0% · 2.3×
Imports share of GDP 69.5% (2025) #19 / 163 median 40.2% · 1.7×
Agriculture share of GDP 1.7% (2025) #138 / 168 median 7.2% · 23%
Manufacturing share of GDP 10.1% (2025) #94 / 165 median 11.2% · 90%
International tourist arrivals 7.3M (2020) #28 / 162 median 1.1M · 6.4×
Tourism receipts $10.9B (2020) #20 / 165 median $705M · 15×
Health & education
Life expectancy 82.0 years (2024) #25 / 169 median 73.8 years · 1.1×
Infant mortality 3.4‰ (2024) #140 / 166 median 13.1‰ · 26%
Under-five mortality 3.9‰ (2024) #140 / 166 median 15.8‰ · 25%
DPT immunization 91.0% (2024) #78 / 166 median 90.5% · 1.0×
Hospital beds 2.4 per 1,000 (2022) #71 / 167 median 2.0 per 1,000 · 1.2×
Health spending share of GDP 10.0% (2024) #23 / 165 median 6.5% · 1.5×
Secondary school enrollment 137.5% (2023) #3 / 167 median 90.5% · 1.5×
Education spending share of GDP 5.2% (2022) #47 / 165 median 4.1% · 1.3×
Society & living
Human Development Index 0.955 (2023) #8 / 165 median 0.754 · 1.3×
Internet users 97.0% (2024) #13 / 169 median 81.5% · 1.2×
Mobile subscriptions 128.5 per 100 (2024) #49 / 169 median 116.4 per 100 · 1.1×
Fixed broadband 43.0 per 100 (2024) #12 / 168 median 12.1 per 100 · 3.6×
Electricity access 100.0% (2024) #50 / 169 median 99.9% · 1.0×
Environment & security
CO₂ emissions per capita 6.6 t (2024) #32 / 165 median 2.6 t · 2.5×
CO₂ emissions (total) derived 119 Mt (2024) #37 / 165 median 21.3 Mt · 5.6×
Renewable electricity share 33.1% (2021) #86 / 169 median 34.1% · 97%
Renewable energy consumption 12.2% (2021) #124 / 169 median 26.9% · 45%
Forest area 11.1% (2023) #128 / 169 median 32.4% · 34%
Agricultural land 53.5% (2023) #50 / 169 median 41.7% · 1.3×
Arable land 30.0% (2023) #27 / 168 median 11.0% · 2.7×
PM2.5 exposure 8.6 µg/m³ (2023) #147 / 168 median 19.8 µg/m³ · 43%
Military spending 1.9% (2024) #71 / 157 median 1.8% · 1.1×

Ranks are value-descending and count only the countries that have data for that metric (#1 = highest value); N/A rows occupy no rank.

The median is the unweighted middle value across the countries with data (gold tick) — not a world average. Bars grow with the value: reaching the tick means matching the median, and a full bar means twice the median or more. The median value and this country's multiple are noted under each bar.

Netherlands's true-shape outline

Netherlands's border outline from Natural Earth 1:110m boundaries — total surface area 39,772 km².

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Data & method

Indicators: World Bank Open Data, 43 indicators — CC BY 4.0 © World Bank — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/; Human Development Index — CC BY 3.0 IGO © United Nations Development Programme — https://hdr.undp.org/terms-use

Boundaries: Natural Earth 1:110m (public domain); surface areas are computed with an equal-area spherical formula (Chamberlin–Duquette).

Reference facts (capital, languages, currencies, subregion): mledoze/countries (ODbL).