City time series

Jakarta's urban expansion: 1975–2025, built-up area 1.9×

Indonesia
GHSL epochs 1975–2025

At a glance

Jakarta's built-up area grew from about 507 km² in 1975 to 972 km² in 2025 — 1.9× the 1975 footprint, or +1.3% per year compounded.
Over the same window the urban centre's population 3.1×, reaching about 40.5M by 2025.
The current footprint of 972 km² is equivalent to about 285 Central Parks.

Key growth numbers

Built-up area 1.9× +1.3% per year since 1975
Population 3.1× about 40.5M in 2025
GHSL epochs 11 five-year steps, no interpolation

Jakarta: population and built-up area, epoch by epoch

Jakarta per GHSL epoch, 1975–2025. Left axis: population; right axis: built-up km². Population Built-up km²

Jakarta

City outline: the GHSL urban-centre boundary, simplified for display — illustrative, not a navigable boundary.

Data table

Population and built-up area per GHSL epoch
Epoch	Population	Built-up km²
1975	13.2M	507 km²
1980	15.7M	551 km²
1985	18M	607 km²
1990	20.6M	670 km²
1995	22.9M	744 km²
2000	25.7M	829 km²
2005	28.8M	863 km²
2010	32.3M	903 km²
2015	35.5M	942 km²
2020	38.2M	957 km²
2025	40.5M	972 km²

Method & data

All numbers come from the GHS Urban Centre Database (GHSL): the European Commission's Joint Research Centre publishes, for every urban centre on Earth, the total built-up area and resident population on five-year epochs from 1975 to 2025.

An epoch is a full mapping pass, not an estimate for that calendar year; a metric the source does not report for an epoch is shown as missing — values are never interpolated or extrapolated between epochs.

The numbers stay inside the GHSL Urban Centre boundary — a stable, data-derived footprint of the contiguous built-up core, not an administrative city limit; figures are therefore not comparable to city-proper census counts.

A night-lights curve (VIIRS) is planned as a second series and is not part of this page yet; the epoch table above is the complete published dataset for this city.

Frequently asked questions

How much has Jakarta grown between 1975 and 2025?

Jakarta's built-up area expanded 1.9× — from roughly 507 km² to 972 km² inside the GHSL urban-centre boundary.

How many people live in Jakarta as of 2025?

The GHSL epoch for 2025 reports about 40.5M people inside Jakarta's urban centre.

Where do these numbers come from?

From the GHS Urban Centre Database (GHSL), published free and openly by the European Commission — see the method section above for the epoch semantics.

Indonesia country profile: key metrics vs world median →

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Data & method

GHS Urban Centre Database R2024A, European Commission Joint Research Centre (CC BY 4.0); built-up area and population per five-year epoch, consumed unmodified from the tabular release.