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Country profile

Luxembourg

At a glance

  • Luxembourg has a population of about 687K; its total GDP of $101.2B ranks #74 of 168 countries with data.
  • Its surface area of 2,406 km² is about 1% of the world median of 190,157 km².
  • Surface area stands out most against the median: 2,406 km² — rank #176 of 176 countries with data.

Luxembourg: all 46 metrics vs the world median

Metric Value Rank vs median
Population & land
Population 687K (2025) #160 / 169 median 11.5M · 6%
Population growth 1.5% (2025) #67 / 169 median 1.1% · 1.3×
Urban population share 94.9% (2025) #5 / 169 median 63.8% · 1.5×
Population aged 65+ 15.8% (2025) #49 / 169 median 7.4% · 2.1×
Fertility rate 1.3 (2024) #153 / 169 median 2.1 · 60%
Birth rate 9.5‰ (2024) #133 / 169 median 16.0‰ · 59%
Death rate 6.6‰ (2024) #101 / 169 median 7.1‰ · 93%
Net migration 5.2K (2025) #49 / 169 N/A
Surface area 2,406 km² #176 / 176 median 190,157 km² · 1%
Population density derived 285/km² (2025) #20 / 169 median 73.2/km² · 3.9×
Economy
GDP (total) $101.2B (2025) #74 / 168 median $80.7B · 1.3×
GDP per capita $147,252 (2025) #1 / 168 median $6,834 · 22×
GNI per capita $95,720 (2025) #3 / 168 median $6,350 · 15×
GDP growth (annual) 0.6% (2025) #144 / 168 median 3.1% · 21%
Inflation rate 2.3% (2025) #107 / 162 median 3.3% · 68%
Unemployment rate 6.3% (2025) #65 / 168 median 5.1% · 1.2×
Gini index 33.6 (2023) #94 / 153 median 35.3 · 95%
Poverty rate ($2.15/day) 0.1% (2023) #135 / 153 median 2.5% · 4%
Trade & industry
Exports share of GDP 190.5% (2025) #1 / 163 median 35.0% · 5.4×
Imports share of GDP 159.4% (2025) #1 / 163 median 40.2% · 4.0×
Agriculture share of GDP 0.2% (2025) #167 / 168 median 7.2% · 3%
Manufacturing share of GDP 3.7% (2025) #153 / 165 median 11.2% · 33%
International tourist arrivals 525K (2020) #111 / 162 median 1.1M · 46%
Tourism receipts $4.5B (2020) #35 / 165 median $705M · 6.3×
Health & education
Life expectancy 83.2 years (2024) #9 / 169 median 73.8 years · 1.1×
Infant mortality 1.9‰ (2024) #161 / 166 median 13.1‰ · 15%
Under-five mortality 2.2‰ (2024) #165 / 166 median 15.8‰ · 14%
DPT immunization 99.0% (2024) #8 / 166 median 90.5% · 1.1×
Hospital beds 4.0 per 1,000 (2023) #37 / 167 median 2.0 per 1,000 · 2.0×
Health spending share of GDP 5.9% (2024) #94 / 165 median 6.5% · 90%
Secondary school enrollment 108.6% (2024) #20 / 167 median 90.5% · 1.2×
Education spending share of GDP 3.7% (2022) #99 / 165 median 4.1% · 90%
Society & living
Human Development Index 0.922 (2023) #21 / 165 median 0.754 · 1.2×
Internet users 99.1% (2025) #5 / 169 median 81.5% · 1.2×
Mobile subscriptions 144.5 per 100 (2023) #26 / 169 median 116.4 per 100 · 1.2×
Fixed broadband 40.3 per 100 (2024) #17 / 168 median 12.1 per 100 · 3.3×
Electricity access 100.0% (2024) #44 / 169 median 99.9% · 1.0×
Environment & security
CO₂ emissions per capita 10.6 t (2024) #16 / 165 median 2.6 t · 4.0×
CO₂ emissions (total) derived 7.1 Mt (2024) #122 / 165 median 21.3 Mt · 33%
Renewable electricity share 89.0% (2021) #18 / 169 median 34.1% · 2.6×
Renewable energy consumption 20.5% (2021) #98 / 169 median 26.9% · 76%
Forest area 34.5% (2023) #74 / 169 median 32.4% · 1.1×
Agricultural land 51.7% (2023) #54 / 169 median 41.7% · 1.2×
Arable land 23.8% (2023) #39 / 168 median 11.0% · 2.2×
PM2.5 exposure 7.4 µg/m³ (2023) #155 / 168 median 19.8 µg/m³ · 38%
Military spending 1.0% (2024) #122 / 157 median 1.8% · 53%

Ranks are value-descending and count only the countries that have data for that metric (#1 = highest value); N/A rows occupy no rank.

The median is the unweighted middle value across the countries with data (gold tick) — not a world average. Bars grow with the value: reaching the tick means matching the median, and a full bar means twice the median or more. The median value and this country's multiple are noted under each bar.

Luxembourg's true-shape outline

Luxembourg's border outline from Natural Earth 1:110m boundaries — total surface area 2,406 km².

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Data & method

Indicators: World Bank Open Data, 43 indicators — CC BY 4.0 © World Bank — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/; Human Development Index — CC BY 3.0 IGO © United Nations Development Programme — https://hdr.undp.org/terms-use

Boundaries: Natural Earth 1:110m (public domain); surface areas are computed with an equal-area spherical formula (Chamberlin–Duquette).

Reference facts (capital, languages, currencies, subregion): mledoze/countries (ODbL).