Country comparison

India Russia

How do India and Russia compare on area, population, economy and living standards? Every figure below comes from open data, computed at build time.

India vs Russia at a glance

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IndiaRussia — India's GDP per capita is about 15% of Russia's.

Side-by-side metric comparison
MetricIndiaRussiaA vs B
Population & land
Population1.5B (2025)143.5M (2025)10×
Population growth0.9% (2025)-0.1% (2025)N/A
Urban population share35.7% (2025)75.3% (2025)47%
Population aged 65+7.4% (2025)17.8% (2025)41%
Fertility rate2.0 (2024)1.4 (2024)1.4×
Birth rate16.0‰ (2024)8.4‰ (2024)1.9×
Death rate6.6‰ (2024)12.4‰ (2024)53%
Net migration-495.8K (2025)-251.8K (2025)N/A
Surface area3,150,247 km²16,926,537 km²19%
Population densityderived465/km² (2025)8.5/km² (2025)55×
Economy
GDP (total)$4T (2025)$2.6T (2025)1.5×
GDP per capita$2,702 (2025)$17,847 (2025)15%
GNI per capita$2,760 (2025)$15,960 (2025)17%
GDP growth (annual)7.6% (2025)1.0% (2025)7.6×
Inflation rate2.4% (2025)8.7% (2025)28%
Unemployment rate4.2% (2025)2.1% (2025)2.0×
Gini index25.5 (2022)33.0 (2023)77%
Poverty rate ($2.15/day)5.3% (2022)0.1% (2023)53×
Trade & industry
Exports share of GDP22.3% (2025)18.2% (2025)1.2×
Imports share of GDP24.0% (2025)15.5% (2025)1.5×
Agriculture share of GDP16.2% (2025)3.1% (2025)5.3×
Manufacturing share of GDP13.5% (2025)13.7% (2025)99%
International tourist arrivals17.9M (2019)6.4M (2020)2.8×
Tourism receipts$13.4B (2020)$5B (2020)2.7×
Health & education
Life expectancy72.2 years (2024)73.4 years (2024)98%
Infant mortality23.3‰ (2024)4.1‰ (2024)5.7×
Under-five mortality26.6‰ (2024)5.2‰ (2024)5.1×
DPT immunization94.0% (2024)97.0% (2024)97%
Hospital beds1.6 per 1,000 (2021)6.8 per 1,000 (2023)23%
Health spending share of GDP3.3% (2023)7.0% (2023)47%
Secondary school enrollment79.6% (2025)92.5% (2023)86%
Education spending share of GDP4.1% (2022)4.2% (2023)98%
Society & living
Human Development Index0.685 (2023)0.832 (2023)82%
Internet users70.0% (2025)94.4% (2024)74%
Mobile subscriptions79.4 per 100 (2024)186.1 per 100 (2024)43%
Fixed broadband3.2 per 100 (2024)27.1 per 100 (2024)12%
Electricity access99.9% (2024)100.0% (2024)100%
Environment & security
CO₂ emissions per capita2.2 t (2024)14.0 t (2024)16%
CO₂ emissions (total)derived3,154 Mt (2024)2,009 Mt (2024)1.6×
Renewable electricity share19.1% (2021)19.2% (2021)100%
Renewable energy consumption34.9% (2021)3.5% (2021)10.0×
Forest area24.5% (2023)49.8% (2023)49%
Agricultural land60.1% (2023)13.2% (2023)4.6×
Arable land51.8% (2023)7.4% (2023)7.0×
PM2.5 exposure54.1 µg/m³ (2023)11.6 µg/m³ (2023)4.7×
Military spending2.3% (2024)7.1% (2024)32%

Population density is our own derived metric: latest population ÷ the equal-area surface area computed from Natural Earth boundaries — the same area basis as the true-size tool.

India

Capital
New Delhi
Languages
English, Hindi, Tamil
Currencies
INR
Subregion
Southern Asia

Russia

Capital
Moscow
Languages
Russian
Currencies
RUB
Subregion
Eastern Europe

India vs Russia in five metrics

Horizontal bar chart comparing India and Russia on area, population, GDP, GDP per capita and life expectancy; the longer bar is the larger value within each metric. India Russia Surface area 3,150,247 km² 16,926,537 km² Population (2025) 1.5B 143.5M GDP (total) (2025) $4T $2.6T GDP per capita (2025) $2,702 $17,847 Life expectancy (2024) 72.2 years 73.4 years

Full metric comparison

Side-by-side metric comparison
Metric India Russia A vs B
Population & land
Population 1.5B (2025) 143.5M (2025) 10×
Population growth 0.9% (2025) -0.1% (2025) N/A
Urban population share 35.7% (2025) 75.3% (2025) 47%
Population aged 65+ 7.4% (2025) 17.8% (2025) 41%
Fertility rate 2.0 (2024) 1.4 (2024) 1.4×
Birth rate 16.0‰ (2024) 8.4‰ (2024) 1.9×
Death rate 6.6‰ (2024) 12.4‰ (2024) 53%
Net migration -495.8K (2025) -251.8K (2025) N/A
Surface area 3,150,247 km² 16,926,537 km² 19%
Population density derived 465/km² (2025) 8.5/km² (2025) 55×
Economy
GDP (total) $4T (2025) $2.6T (2025) 1.5×
GDP per capita $2,702 (2025) $17,847 (2025) 15%
GNI per capita $2,760 (2025) $15,960 (2025) 17%
GDP growth (annual) 7.6% (2025) 1.0% (2025) 7.6×
Inflation rate 2.4% (2025) 8.7% (2025) 28%
Unemployment rate 4.2% (2025) 2.1% (2025) 2.0×
Gini index 25.5 (2022) 33.0 (2023) 77%
Poverty rate ($2.15/day) 5.3% (2022) 0.1% (2023) 53×
Trade & industry
Exports share of GDP 22.3% (2025) 18.2% (2025) 1.2×
Imports share of GDP 24.0% (2025) 15.5% (2025) 1.5×
Agriculture share of GDP 16.2% (2025) 3.1% (2025) 5.3×
Manufacturing share of GDP 13.5% (2025) 13.7% (2025) 99%
International tourist arrivals 17.9M (2019) 6.4M (2020) 2.8×
Tourism receipts $13.4B (2020) $5B (2020) 2.7×
Health & education
Life expectancy 72.2 years (2024) 73.4 years (2024) 98%
Infant mortality 23.3‰ (2024) 4.1‰ (2024) 5.7×
Under-five mortality 26.6‰ (2024) 5.2‰ (2024) 5.1×
DPT immunization 94.0% (2024) 97.0% (2024) 97%
Hospital beds 1.6 per 1,000 (2021) 6.8 per 1,000 (2023) 23%
Health spending share of GDP 3.3% (2023) 7.0% (2023) 47%
Secondary school enrollment 79.6% (2025) 92.5% (2023) 86%
Education spending share of GDP 4.1% (2022) 4.2% (2023) 98%
Society & living
Human Development Index 0.685 (2023) 0.832 (2023) 82%
Internet users 70.0% (2025) 94.4% (2024) 74%
Mobile subscriptions 79.4 per 100 (2024) 186.1 per 100 (2024) 43%
Fixed broadband 3.2 per 100 (2024) 27.1 per 100 (2024) 12%
Electricity access 99.9% (2024) 100.0% (2024) 100%
Environment & security
CO₂ emissions per capita 2.2 t (2024) 14.0 t (2024) 16%
CO₂ emissions (total) derived 3,154 Mt (2024) 2,009 Mt (2024) 1.6×
Renewable electricity share 19.1% (2021) 19.2% (2021) 100%
Renewable energy consumption 34.9% (2021) 3.5% (2021) 10.0×
Forest area 24.5% (2023) 49.8% (2023) 49%
Agricultural land 60.1% (2023) 13.2% (2023) 4.6×
Arable land 51.8% (2023) 7.4% (2023) 7.0×
PM2.5 exposure 54.1 µg/m³ (2023) 11.6 µg/m³ (2023) 4.7×
Military spending 2.3% (2024) 7.1% (2024) 32%

Population density is our own derived metric: latest population ÷ the equal-area surface area computed from Natural Earth boundaries — the same area basis as the true-size tool.

Reference facts

Metric India Russia
Capital New Delhi Moscow
Languages English, Hindi, Tamil Russian
Currencies INR RUB
Subregion Southern Asia Eastern Europe

Frequently asked questions

Which is bigger, India or Russia?

India's surface area is smaller: about 19% of Russia's (3,150,247 km² vs 16,926,537 km²).

Which has a larger population, India or Russia?

India's population is larger: about 10× Russia's (1.5B vs 143.5M).

Which economy is larger, India or Russia?

India's GDP (total) is larger: about 1.5× Russia's ($4T vs $2.6T).

Open the interactive compare tool with India and Russia preselected

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Distance between India and Russia →

India country profile: key metrics vs world median →

Russia country profile: key metrics vs world median →

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Data & method

Indicators: World Bank Open Data, 43 indicators — CC BY 4.0 © World Bank — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/; Human Development Index — CC BY 3.0 IGO © United Nations Development Programme — https://hdr.undp.org/terms-use

Boundaries: Natural Earth 1:110m (public domain); surface areas are computed with an equal-area spherical formula (Chamberlin–Duquette).

Reference facts (capital, languages, currencies, subregion): mledoze/countries (ODbL).