Country comparison

India Pakistan

How do India and Pakistan compare on area, population, economy and living standards? Every figure below comes from open data, computed at build time.

India vs Pakistan at a glance

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IndiaPakistan — India's GDP per capita is about 1.7× Pakistan's.

Side-by-side metric comparison
MetricIndiaPakistanA vs B
Population & land
Population1.5B (2025)255.2M (2025)5.7×
Population growth0.9% (2025)1.6% (2025)57%
Urban population share35.7% (2025)39.5% (2025)90%
Population aged 65+7.4% (2025)4.4% (2025)1.7×
Fertility rate2.0 (2024)3.5 (2024)55%
Birth rate16.0‰ (2024)27.4‰ (2024)58%
Death rate6.6‰ (2024)6.4‰ (2024)1.0×
Net migration-495.8K (2025)-1.2M (2025)N/A
Surface area3,150,247 km²875,287 km²3.6×
Population densityderived465/km² (2025)292/km² (2025)1.6×
Economy
GDP (total)$4T (2025)$407.3B (2025)9.7×
GDP per capita$2,702 (2025)$1,596 (2025)1.7×
GNI per capita$2,760 (2025)$1,500 (2025)1.8×
GDP growth (annual)7.6% (2025)3.7% (2025)2.0×
Inflation rate2.4% (2025)3.5% (2025)68%
Unemployment rate4.2% (2025)5.4% (2025)78%
Gini index25.5 (2022)33.5 (2024)76%
Poverty rate ($2.15/day)5.3% (2022)23.0% (2024)23%
Trade & industry
Exports share of GDP22.3% (2025)10.0% (2025)2.2×
Imports share of GDP24.0% (2025)17.2% (2025)1.4×
Agriculture share of GDP16.2% (2025)23.0% (2025)71%
Manufacturing share of GDP13.5% (2025)13.0% (2025)1.0×
International tourist arrivals17.9M (2019)966K (2012)19×
Tourism receipts$13.4B (2020)$765M (2020)18×
Health & education
Life expectancy72.2 years (2024)67.8 years (2024)1.1×
Infant mortality23.3‰ (2024)48.2‰ (2024)48%
Under-five mortality26.6‰ (2024)56.0‰ (2024)48%
DPT immunization94.0% (2024)87.0% (2024)1.1×
Hospital beds1.6 per 1,000 (2021)0.6 per 1,000 (2020)2.5×
Health spending share of GDP3.3% (2023)2.5% (2023)1.3×
Secondary school enrollment79.6% (2025)48.3% (2024)1.6×
Education spending share of GDP4.1% (2022)1.9% (2023)2.1×
Society & living
Human Development Index0.685 (2023)0.544 (2023)1.3×
Internet users70.0% (2025)57.3% (2024)1.2×
Mobile subscriptions79.4 per 100 (2024)76.9 per 100 (2024)1.0×
Fixed broadband3.2 per 100 (2024)1.5 per 100 (2024)2.1×
Electricity access99.9% (2024)95.7% (2024)1.0×
Environment & security
CO₂ emissions per capita2.2 t (2024)0.8 t (2024)2.7×
CO₂ emissions (total)derived3,154 Mt (2024)204 Mt (2024)15×
Renewable electricity share19.1% (2021)28.3% (2021)68%
Renewable energy consumption34.9% (2021)41.6% (2021)84%
Forest area24.5% (2023)4.7% (2023)5.3×
Agricultural land60.1% (2023)46.7% (2023)1.3×
Arable land51.8% (2023)39.3% (2023)1.3×
PM2.5 exposure54.1 µg/m³ (2023)58.4 µg/m³ (2023)93%
Military spending2.3% (2024)2.7% (2024)85%

Population density is our own derived metric: latest population ÷ the equal-area surface area computed from Natural Earth boundaries — the same area basis as the true-size tool.

India

Capital
New Delhi
Languages
English, Hindi, Tamil
Currencies
INR
Subregion
Southern Asia

Pakistan

Capital
Islamabad
Languages
English, Urdu
Currencies
PKR
Subregion
Southern Asia

India vs Pakistan in five metrics

Horizontal bar chart comparing India and Pakistan on area, population, GDP, GDP per capita and life expectancy; the longer bar is the larger value within each metric. India Pakistan Surface area 3,150,247 km² 875,287 km² Population (2025) 1.5B 255.2M GDP (total) (2025) $4T $407.3B GDP per capita (2025) $2,702 $1,596 Life expectancy (2024) 72.2 years 67.8 years

Full metric comparison

Side-by-side metric comparison
Metric India Pakistan A vs B
Population & land
Population 1.5B (2025) 255.2M (2025) 5.7×
Population growth 0.9% (2025) 1.6% (2025) 57%
Urban population share 35.7% (2025) 39.5% (2025) 90%
Population aged 65+ 7.4% (2025) 4.4% (2025) 1.7×
Fertility rate 2.0 (2024) 3.5 (2024) 55%
Birth rate 16.0‰ (2024) 27.4‰ (2024) 58%
Death rate 6.6‰ (2024) 6.4‰ (2024) 1.0×
Net migration -495.8K (2025) -1.2M (2025) N/A
Surface area 3,150,247 km² 875,287 km² 3.6×
Population density derived 465/km² (2025) 292/km² (2025) 1.6×
Economy
GDP (total) $4T (2025) $407.3B (2025) 9.7×
GDP per capita $2,702 (2025) $1,596 (2025) 1.7×
GNI per capita $2,760 (2025) $1,500 (2025) 1.8×
GDP growth (annual) 7.6% (2025) 3.7% (2025) 2.0×
Inflation rate 2.4% (2025) 3.5% (2025) 68%
Unemployment rate 4.2% (2025) 5.4% (2025) 78%
Gini index 25.5 (2022) 33.5 (2024) 76%
Poverty rate ($2.15/day) 5.3% (2022) 23.0% (2024) 23%
Trade & industry
Exports share of GDP 22.3% (2025) 10.0% (2025) 2.2×
Imports share of GDP 24.0% (2025) 17.2% (2025) 1.4×
Agriculture share of GDP 16.2% (2025) 23.0% (2025) 71%
Manufacturing share of GDP 13.5% (2025) 13.0% (2025) 1.0×
International tourist arrivals 17.9M (2019) 966K (2012) 19×
Tourism receipts $13.4B (2020) $765M (2020) 18×
Health & education
Life expectancy 72.2 years (2024) 67.8 years (2024) 1.1×
Infant mortality 23.3‰ (2024) 48.2‰ (2024) 48%
Under-five mortality 26.6‰ (2024) 56.0‰ (2024) 48%
DPT immunization 94.0% (2024) 87.0% (2024) 1.1×
Hospital beds 1.6 per 1,000 (2021) 0.6 per 1,000 (2020) 2.5×
Health spending share of GDP 3.3% (2023) 2.5% (2023) 1.3×
Secondary school enrollment 79.6% (2025) 48.3% (2024) 1.6×
Education spending share of GDP 4.1% (2022) 1.9% (2023) 2.1×
Society & living
Human Development Index 0.685 (2023) 0.544 (2023) 1.3×
Internet users 70.0% (2025) 57.3% (2024) 1.2×
Mobile subscriptions 79.4 per 100 (2024) 76.9 per 100 (2024) 1.0×
Fixed broadband 3.2 per 100 (2024) 1.5 per 100 (2024) 2.1×
Electricity access 99.9% (2024) 95.7% (2024) 1.0×
Environment & security
CO₂ emissions per capita 2.2 t (2024) 0.8 t (2024) 2.7×
CO₂ emissions (total) derived 3,154 Mt (2024) 204 Mt (2024) 15×
Renewable electricity share 19.1% (2021) 28.3% (2021) 68%
Renewable energy consumption 34.9% (2021) 41.6% (2021) 84%
Forest area 24.5% (2023) 4.7% (2023) 5.3×
Agricultural land 60.1% (2023) 46.7% (2023) 1.3×
Arable land 51.8% (2023) 39.3% (2023) 1.3×
PM2.5 exposure 54.1 µg/m³ (2023) 58.4 µg/m³ (2023) 93%
Military spending 2.3% (2024) 2.7% (2024) 85%

Population density is our own derived metric: latest population ÷ the equal-area surface area computed from Natural Earth boundaries — the same area basis as the true-size tool.

Reference facts

Metric India Pakistan
Capital New Delhi Islamabad
Languages English, Hindi, Tamil English, Urdu
Currencies INR PKR
Subregion Southern Asia Southern Asia

Frequently asked questions

Which is bigger, India or Pakistan?

India's surface area is larger: about 3.6× Pakistan's (3,150,247 km² vs 875,287 km²).

Which has a larger population, India or Pakistan?

India's population is larger: about 5.7× Pakistan's (1.5B vs 255.2M).

Which economy is larger, India or Pakistan?

India's GDP (total) is larger: about 9.7× Pakistan's ($4T vs $407.3B).

Open the interactive compare tool with India and Pakistan preselected

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Distance between India and Pakistan →

India country profile: key metrics vs world median →

Pakistan country profile: key metrics vs world median →

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Data & method

Indicators: World Bank Open Data, 43 indicators — CC BY 4.0 © World Bank — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/; Human Development Index — CC BY 3.0 IGO © United Nations Development Programme — https://hdr.undp.org/terms-use

Boundaries: Natural Earth 1:110m (public domain); surface areas are computed with an equal-area spherical formula (Chamberlin–Duquette).

Reference facts (capital, languages, currencies, subregion): mledoze/countries (ODbL).