Country comparison

Japan India

How do Japan and India compare on area, population, economy and living standards? Every figure below comes from open data, computed at build time.

Japan vs India at a glance

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JapanIndia — Japan's GDP per capita is about 13× India's.

Side-by-side metric comparison
MetricJapanIndiaA vs B
Population & land
Population123.4M (2025)1.5B (2025)8%
Population growth-0.5% (2025)0.9% (2025)N/A
Urban population share92.3% (2025)35.7% (2025)2.6×
Population aged 65+30.0% (2025)7.4% (2025)4.1×
Fertility rate1.2 (2024)2.0 (2024)59%
Birth rate5.7‰ (2024)16.0‰ (2024)36%
Death rate13.3‰ (2024)6.6‰ (2024)2.0×
Net migration140.6K (2025)-495.8K (2025)N/A
Surface area404,359 km²3,150,247 km²13%
Population densityderived305/km² (2025)465/km² (2025)66%
Economy
GDP (total)$4.4T (2025)$4T (2025)1.1×
GDP per capita$35,951 (2025)$2,702 (2025)13×
GNI per capita$38,340 (2025)$2,760 (2025)14×
GDP growth (annual)1.2% (2025)7.6% (2025)16%
Inflation rate3.2% (2025)2.4% (2025)1.3×
Unemployment rate2.5% (2025)4.2% (2025)58%
Gini index32.3 (2020)25.5 (2022)1.3×
Poverty rate ($2.15/day)1.2% (2020)5.3% (2022)23%
Trade & industry
Exports share of GDP22.0% (2024)22.3% (2025)99%
Imports share of GDP22.9% (2024)24.0% (2025)95%
Agriculture share of GDP1.0% (2024)16.2% (2025)6%
Manufacturing share of GDP18.8% (2024)13.5% (2025)1.4×
International tourist arrivals4.1M (2020)17.9M (2019)23%
Tourism receipts$11.4B (2020)$13.4B (2020)85%
Health & education
Life expectancy84.0 years (2024)72.2 years (2024)1.2×
Infant mortality1.8‰ (2024)23.3‰ (2024)8%
Under-five mortality2.4‰ (2024)26.6‰ (2024)9%
DPT immunization99.0% (2024)94.0% (2024)1.1×
Hospital beds12.6 per 1,000 (2022)1.6 per 1,000 (2021)7.9×
Health spending share of GDP10.7% (2023)3.3% (2023)3.2×
Secondary school enrollment101.5% (2023)79.6% (2025)1.3×
Education spending share of GDP3.3% (2021)4.1% (2022)81%
Society & living
Human Development Index0.925 (2023)0.685 (2023)1.4×
Internet users85.5% (2024)70.0% (2025)1.2×
Mobile subscriptions178.4 per 100 (2023)79.4 per 100 (2024)2.2×
Fixed broadband38.6 per 100 (2023)3.2 per 100 (2024)12×
Electricity access100.0% (2024)99.9% (2024)1.0×
Environment & security
CO₂ emissions per capita7.8 t (2024)2.2 t (2024)3.6×
CO₂ emissions (total)derived972 Mt (2024)3,154 Mt (2024)31%
Renewable electricity share21.1% (2021)19.1% (2021)1.1×
Renewable energy consumption8.8% (2021)34.9% (2021)25%
Forest area68.4% (2023)24.5% (2023)2.8×
Agricultural land12.6% (2023)60.1% (2023)21%
Arable land11.1% (2023)51.8% (2023)21%
PM2.5 exposure11.5 µg/m³ (2023)54.1 µg/m³ (2023)21%
Military spending1.4% (2024)2.3% (2024)60%

Population density is our own derived metric: latest population ÷ the equal-area surface area computed from Natural Earth boundaries — the same area basis as the true-size tool.

Japan

Capital
Tokyo
Languages
Japanese
Currencies
JPY
Subregion
Eastern Asia

India

Capital
New Delhi
Languages
English, Hindi, Tamil
Currencies
INR
Subregion
Southern Asia

Japan vs India in five metrics

Horizontal bar chart comparing Japan and India on area, population, GDP, GDP per capita and life expectancy; the longer bar is the larger value within each metric. Japan India Surface area 404,359 km² 3,150,247 km² Population (2025) 123.4M 1.5B GDP (total) (2025) $4.4T $4T GDP per capita (2025) $35,951 $2,702 Life expectancy (2024) 84.0 years 72.2 years

Full metric comparison

Side-by-side metric comparison
Metric Japan India A vs B
Population & land
Population 123.4M (2025) 1.5B (2025) 8%
Population growth -0.5% (2025) 0.9% (2025) N/A
Urban population share 92.3% (2025) 35.7% (2025) 2.6×
Population aged 65+ 30.0% (2025) 7.4% (2025) 4.1×
Fertility rate 1.2 (2024) 2.0 (2024) 59%
Birth rate 5.7‰ (2024) 16.0‰ (2024) 36%
Death rate 13.3‰ (2024) 6.6‰ (2024) 2.0×
Net migration 140.6K (2025) -495.8K (2025) N/A
Surface area 404,359 km² 3,150,247 km² 13%
Population density derived 305/km² (2025) 465/km² (2025) 66%
Economy
GDP (total) $4.4T (2025) $4T (2025) 1.1×
GDP per capita $35,951 (2025) $2,702 (2025) 13×
GNI per capita $38,340 (2025) $2,760 (2025) 14×
GDP growth (annual) 1.2% (2025) 7.6% (2025) 16%
Inflation rate 3.2% (2025) 2.4% (2025) 1.3×
Unemployment rate 2.5% (2025) 4.2% (2025) 58%
Gini index 32.3 (2020) 25.5 (2022) 1.3×
Poverty rate ($2.15/day) 1.2% (2020) 5.3% (2022) 23%
Trade & industry
Exports share of GDP 22.0% (2024) 22.3% (2025) 99%
Imports share of GDP 22.9% (2024) 24.0% (2025) 95%
Agriculture share of GDP 1.0% (2024) 16.2% (2025) 6%
Manufacturing share of GDP 18.8% (2024) 13.5% (2025) 1.4×
International tourist arrivals 4.1M (2020) 17.9M (2019) 23%
Tourism receipts $11.4B (2020) $13.4B (2020) 85%
Health & education
Life expectancy 84.0 years (2024) 72.2 years (2024) 1.2×
Infant mortality 1.8‰ (2024) 23.3‰ (2024) 8%
Under-five mortality 2.4‰ (2024) 26.6‰ (2024) 9%
DPT immunization 99.0% (2024) 94.0% (2024) 1.1×
Hospital beds 12.6 per 1,000 (2022) 1.6 per 1,000 (2021) 7.9×
Health spending share of GDP 10.7% (2023) 3.3% (2023) 3.2×
Secondary school enrollment 101.5% (2023) 79.6% (2025) 1.3×
Education spending share of GDP 3.3% (2021) 4.1% (2022) 81%
Society & living
Human Development Index 0.925 (2023) 0.685 (2023) 1.4×
Internet users 85.5% (2024) 70.0% (2025) 1.2×
Mobile subscriptions 178.4 per 100 (2023) 79.4 per 100 (2024) 2.2×
Fixed broadband 38.6 per 100 (2023) 3.2 per 100 (2024) 12×
Electricity access 100.0% (2024) 99.9% (2024) 1.0×
Environment & security
CO₂ emissions per capita 7.8 t (2024) 2.2 t (2024) 3.6×
CO₂ emissions (total) derived 972 Mt (2024) 3,154 Mt (2024) 31%
Renewable electricity share 21.1% (2021) 19.1% (2021) 1.1×
Renewable energy consumption 8.8% (2021) 34.9% (2021) 25%
Forest area 68.4% (2023) 24.5% (2023) 2.8×
Agricultural land 12.6% (2023) 60.1% (2023) 21%
Arable land 11.1% (2023) 51.8% (2023) 21%
PM2.5 exposure 11.5 µg/m³ (2023) 54.1 µg/m³ (2023) 21%
Military spending 1.4% (2024) 2.3% (2024) 60%

Population density is our own derived metric: latest population ÷ the equal-area surface area computed from Natural Earth boundaries — the same area basis as the true-size tool.

Reference facts

Metric Japan India
Capital Tokyo New Delhi
Languages Japanese English, Hindi, Tamil
Currencies JPY INR
Subregion Eastern Asia Southern Asia

Frequently asked questions

Which is bigger, Japan or India?

Japan's surface area is smaller: about 13% of India's (404,359 km² vs 3,150,247 km²).

Which has a larger population, Japan or India?

Japan's population is smaller: about 8% of India's (123.4M vs 1.5B).

Which economy is larger, Japan or India?

Japan's GDP (total) is larger: about 1.1× India's ($4.4T vs $4T).

Open the interactive compare tool with Japan and India preselected

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Distance between Japan and India →

Japan country profile: key metrics vs world median →

India country profile: key metrics vs world median →

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Data & method

Indicators: World Bank Open Data, 43 indicators — CC BY 4.0 © World Bank — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/; Human Development Index — CC BY 3.0 IGO © United Nations Development Programme — https://hdr.undp.org/terms-use

Boundaries: Natural Earth 1:110m (public domain); surface areas are computed with an equal-area spherical formula (Chamberlin–Duquette).

Reference facts (capital, languages, currencies, subregion): mledoze/countries (ODbL).