Country comparison

Japan South Korea

How do Japan and South Korea compare on area, population, economy and living standards? Every figure below comes from open data, computed at build time.

Japan vs South Korea at a glance

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JapanSouth Korea — Japan's GDP per capita is about 99% of South Korea's.

Side-by-side metric comparison
MetricJapanSouth KoreaA vs B
Population & land
Population123.4M (2025)51.7M (2025)2.4×
Population growth-0.5% (2025)-0.1% (2025)N/A
Urban population share92.3% (2025)81.2% (2025)1.1×
Population aged 65+30.0% (2025)20.3% (2025)1.5×
Fertility rate1.2 (2024)0.7 (2024)1.5×
Birth rate5.7‰ (2024)4.7‰ (2024)1.2×
Death rate13.3‰ (2024)7.0‰ (2024)1.9×
Net migration140.6K (2025)65.7K (2025)2.1×
Surface area404,359 km²99,054 km²4.1×
Population densityderived305/km² (2025)522/km² (2025)58%
Economy
GDP (total)$4.4T (2025)$1.9T (2025)2.4×
GDP per capita$35,951 (2025)$36,227 (2025)99%
GNI per capita$38,340 (2025)$37,880 (2025)1.0×
GDP growth (annual)1.2% (2025)1.0% (2025)1.2×
Inflation rate3.2% (2025)2.1% (2025)1.5×
Unemployment rate2.5% (2025)2.7% (2025)91%
Gini index32.3 (2020)32.9 (2021)98%
Poverty rate ($2.15/day)1.2% (2020)0.1% (2021)12×
Trade & industry
Exports share of GDP22.0% (2024)45.8% (2025)48%
Imports share of GDP22.9% (2024)40.6% (2025)56%
Agriculture share of GDP1.0% (2024)1.5% (2025)65%
Manufacturing share of GDP18.8% (2024)27.4% (2025)69%
International tourist arrivals4.1M (2020)2.5M (2020)1.6×
Tourism receipts$11.4B (2020)$11.8B (2020)97%
Health & education
Life expectancy84.0 years (2024)83.6 years (2024)1.0×
Infant mortality1.8‰ (2024)2.3‰ (2024)78%
Under-five mortality2.4‰ (2024)2.8‰ (2024)86%
DPT immunization99.0% (2024)97.0% (2024)1.0×
Hospital beds12.6 per 1,000 (2022)12.8 per 1,000 (2022)98%
Health spending share of GDP10.7% (2023)8.7% (2024)1.2×
Secondary school enrollment101.5% (2023)96.3% (2024)1.1×
Education spending share of GDP3.3% (2021)5.4% (2022)62%
Society & living
Human Development Index0.925 (2023)0.937 (2023)99%
Internet users85.5% (2024)97.9% (2024)87%
Mobile subscriptions178.4 per 100 (2023)172.5 per 100 (2024)1.0×
Fixed broadband38.6 per 100 (2023)47.8 per 100 (2024)81%
Electricity access100.0% (2024)100.0% (2024)1.0×
Environment & security
CO₂ emissions per capita7.8 t (2024)11.4 t (2024)69%
CO₂ emissions (total)derived972 Mt (2024)588 Mt (2024)1.7×
Renewable electricity share21.1% (2021)6.6% (2021)3.2×
Renewable energy consumption8.8% (2021)3.6% (2021)2.4×
Forest area68.4% (2023)64.1% (2023)1.1×
Agricultural land12.6% (2023)16.1% (2023)79%
Arable land11.1% (2023)14.9% (2023)74%
PM2.5 exposure11.5 µg/m³ (2023)21.9 µg/m³ (2023)52%
Military spending1.4% (2024)2.6% (2024)54%

Population density is our own derived metric: latest population ÷ the equal-area surface area computed from Natural Earth boundaries — the same area basis as the true-size tool.

Japan

Capital
Tokyo
Languages
Japanese
Currencies
JPY
Subregion
Eastern Asia

South Korea

Capital
Seoul
Languages
Korean
Currencies
KRW
Subregion
Eastern Asia

Japan vs South Korea in five metrics

Horizontal bar chart comparing Japan and South Korea on area, population, GDP, GDP per capita and life expectancy; the longer bar is the larger value within each metric. Japan South Korea Surface area 404,359 km² 99,054 km² Population (2025) 123.4M 51.7M GDP (total) (2025) $4.4T $1.9T GDP per capita (2025) $35,951 $36,227 Life expectancy (2024) 84.0 years 83.6 years

Full metric comparison

Side-by-side metric comparison
Metric Japan South Korea A vs B
Population & land
Population 123.4M (2025) 51.7M (2025) 2.4×
Population growth -0.5% (2025) -0.1% (2025) N/A
Urban population share 92.3% (2025) 81.2% (2025) 1.1×
Population aged 65+ 30.0% (2025) 20.3% (2025) 1.5×
Fertility rate 1.2 (2024) 0.7 (2024) 1.5×
Birth rate 5.7‰ (2024) 4.7‰ (2024) 1.2×
Death rate 13.3‰ (2024) 7.0‰ (2024) 1.9×
Net migration 140.6K (2025) 65.7K (2025) 2.1×
Surface area 404,359 km² 99,054 km² 4.1×
Population density derived 305/km² (2025) 522/km² (2025) 58%
Economy
GDP (total) $4.4T (2025) $1.9T (2025) 2.4×
GDP per capita $35,951 (2025) $36,227 (2025) 99%
GNI per capita $38,340 (2025) $37,880 (2025) 1.0×
GDP growth (annual) 1.2% (2025) 1.0% (2025) 1.2×
Inflation rate 3.2% (2025) 2.1% (2025) 1.5×
Unemployment rate 2.5% (2025) 2.7% (2025) 91%
Gini index 32.3 (2020) 32.9 (2021) 98%
Poverty rate ($2.15/day) 1.2% (2020) 0.1% (2021) 12×
Trade & industry
Exports share of GDP 22.0% (2024) 45.8% (2025) 48%
Imports share of GDP 22.9% (2024) 40.6% (2025) 56%
Agriculture share of GDP 1.0% (2024) 1.5% (2025) 65%
Manufacturing share of GDP 18.8% (2024) 27.4% (2025) 69%
International tourist arrivals 4.1M (2020) 2.5M (2020) 1.6×
Tourism receipts $11.4B (2020) $11.8B (2020) 97%
Health & education
Life expectancy 84.0 years (2024) 83.6 years (2024) 1.0×
Infant mortality 1.8‰ (2024) 2.3‰ (2024) 78%
Under-five mortality 2.4‰ (2024) 2.8‰ (2024) 86%
DPT immunization 99.0% (2024) 97.0% (2024) 1.0×
Hospital beds 12.6 per 1,000 (2022) 12.8 per 1,000 (2022) 98%
Health spending share of GDP 10.7% (2023) 8.7% (2024) 1.2×
Secondary school enrollment 101.5% (2023) 96.3% (2024) 1.1×
Education spending share of GDP 3.3% (2021) 5.4% (2022) 62%
Society & living
Human Development Index 0.925 (2023) 0.937 (2023) 99%
Internet users 85.5% (2024) 97.9% (2024) 87%
Mobile subscriptions 178.4 per 100 (2023) 172.5 per 100 (2024) 1.0×
Fixed broadband 38.6 per 100 (2023) 47.8 per 100 (2024) 81%
Electricity access 100.0% (2024) 100.0% (2024) 1.0×
Environment & security
CO₂ emissions per capita 7.8 t (2024) 11.4 t (2024) 69%
CO₂ emissions (total) derived 972 Mt (2024) 588 Mt (2024) 1.7×
Renewable electricity share 21.1% (2021) 6.6% (2021) 3.2×
Renewable energy consumption 8.8% (2021) 3.6% (2021) 2.4×
Forest area 68.4% (2023) 64.1% (2023) 1.1×
Agricultural land 12.6% (2023) 16.1% (2023) 79%
Arable land 11.1% (2023) 14.9% (2023) 74%
PM2.5 exposure 11.5 µg/m³ (2023) 21.9 µg/m³ (2023) 52%
Military spending 1.4% (2024) 2.6% (2024) 54%

Population density is our own derived metric: latest population ÷ the equal-area surface area computed from Natural Earth boundaries — the same area basis as the true-size tool.

Reference facts

Metric Japan South Korea
Capital Tokyo Seoul
Languages Japanese Korean
Currencies JPY KRW
Subregion Eastern Asia Eastern Asia

Frequently asked questions

Which is bigger, Japan or South Korea?

Japan's surface area is larger: about 4.1× South Korea's (404,359 km² vs 99,054 km²).

Which has a larger population, Japan or South Korea?

Japan's population is larger: about 2.4× South Korea's (123.4M vs 51.7M).

Which economy is larger, Japan or South Korea?

Japan's GDP (total) is larger: about 2.4× South Korea's ($4.4T vs $1.9T).

Open the interactive compare tool with Japan and South Korea preselected

See Japan and South Korea's true size on a drag-and-drop map →

Distance between Japan and South Korea →

Japan country profile: key metrics vs world median →

South Korea country profile: key metrics vs world median →

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Data & method

Indicators: World Bank Open Data, 43 indicators — CC BY 4.0 © World Bank — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/; Human Development Index — CC BY 3.0 IGO © United Nations Development Programme — https://hdr.undp.org/terms-use

Boundaries: Natural Earth 1:110m (public domain); surface areas are computed with an equal-area spherical formula (Chamberlin–Duquette).

Reference facts (capital, languages, currencies, subregion): mledoze/countries (ODbL).