Country comparison

Thailand Vietnam

How do Thailand and Vietnam compare on area, population, economy and living standards? Every figure below comes from open data, computed at build time.

Thailand vs Vietnam at a glance

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ThailandVietnam — Thailand's GDP per capita is about 1.6× Vietnam's.

Side-by-side metric comparison
MetricThailandVietnamA vs B
Population & land
Population71.6M (2025)101.6M (2025)70%
Population growth-0.1% (2025)0.6% (2025)N/A
Urban population share62.8% (2025)38.8% (2025)1.6×
Population aged 65+16.0% (2025)9.5% (2025)1.7×
Fertility rate1.2 (2024)1.9 (2024)64%
Birth rate8.1‰ (2024)13.4‰ (2024)60%
Death rate9.0‰ (2024)6.6‰ (2024)1.4×
Net migration27.5K (2025)-48.2K (2025)N/A
Surface area511,931 km²337,184 km²1.5×
Population densityderived140/km² (2025)301/km² (2025)46%
Economy
GDP (total)$577B (2025)$514.7B (2025)1.1×
GDP per capita$8,057 (2025)$5,066 (2025)1.6×
GNI per capita$7,690 (2025)$4,970 (2025)1.5×
GDP growth (annual)2.4% (2025)8.0% (2025)30%
Inflation rate-0.1% (2025)3.3% (2025)N/A
Unemployment rate0.8% (2025)1.5% (2025)51%
Gini index33.3 (2024)36.1 (2022)92%
Poverty rate ($2.15/day)0.0% (2024)1.6% (2022)N/A
Trade & industry
Exports share of GDP71.1% (2025)98.2% (2025)72%
Imports share of GDP67.3% (2025)92.1% (2025)73%
Agriculture share of GDP8.7% (2025)11.6% (2025)75%
Manufacturing share of GDP23.7% (2025)24.5% (2025)97%
International tourist arrivals39.9M (2019)3.8M (2020)10×
Tourism receipts$15.4B (2020)$3.2B (2020)4.8×
Health & education
Life expectancy76.6 years (2024)74.7 years (2024)1.0×
Infant mortality7.7‰ (2024)12.0‰ (2024)64%
Under-five mortality9.0‰ (2024)17.3‰ (2024)52%
DPT immunization92.0% (2024)97.0% (2024)95%
Hospital beds2.4 per 1,000 (2023)2.5 per 1,000 (2017)95%
Health spending share of GDP4.5% (2023)4.6% (2023)99%
Secondary school enrollment92.1% (2025)93.4% (2022)99%
Education spending share of GDP2.5% (2023)2.9% (2022)87%
Society & living
Human Development Index0.798 (2023)0.766 (2023)1.0×
Internet users90.9% (2024)84.2% (2024)1.1×
Mobile subscriptions160.6 per 100 (2024)127.6 per 100 (2024)1.3×
Fixed broadband14.9 per 100 (2024)23.7 per 100 (2024)63%
Electricity access100.0% (2024)100.0% (2024)1.0×
Environment & security
CO₂ emissions per capita4.0 t (2024)4.3 t (2024)93%
CO₂ emissions (total)derived284 Mt (2024)431 Mt (2024)66%
Renewable electricity share19.9% (2021)41.2% (2021)48%
Renewable energy consumption19.0% (2021)24.2% (2021)79%
Forest area38.7% (2023)47.4% (2023)82%
Agricultural land43.8% (2023)39.2% (2023)1.1×
Arable land31.0% (2023)21.5% (2023)1.4×
PM2.5 exposure23.5 µg/m³ (2023)24.8 µg/m³ (2023)95%
Military spending1.1% (2024)1.8% (2018)60%

Population density is our own derived metric: latest population ÷ the equal-area surface area computed from Natural Earth boundaries — the same area basis as the true-size tool.

Thailand

Capital
Bangkok
Languages
Thai
Currencies
THB
Subregion
South-Eastern Asia

Vietnam

Capital
Hanoi
Languages
Vietnamese
Currencies
VND
Subregion
South-Eastern Asia

Thailand vs Vietnam in five metrics

Horizontal bar chart comparing Thailand and Vietnam on area, population, GDP, GDP per capita and life expectancy; the longer bar is the larger value within each metric. Thailand Vietnam Surface area 511,931 km² 337,184 km² Population (2025) 71.6M 101.6M GDP (total) (2025) $577B $514.7B GDP per capita (2025) $8,057 $5,066 Life expectancy (2024) 76.6 years 74.7 years

Full metric comparison

Side-by-side metric comparison
Metric Thailand Vietnam A vs B
Population & land
Population 71.6M (2025) 101.6M (2025) 70%
Population growth -0.1% (2025) 0.6% (2025) N/A
Urban population share 62.8% (2025) 38.8% (2025) 1.6×
Population aged 65+ 16.0% (2025) 9.5% (2025) 1.7×
Fertility rate 1.2 (2024) 1.9 (2024) 64%
Birth rate 8.1‰ (2024) 13.4‰ (2024) 60%
Death rate 9.0‰ (2024) 6.6‰ (2024) 1.4×
Net migration 27.5K (2025) -48.2K (2025) N/A
Surface area 511,931 km² 337,184 km² 1.5×
Population density derived 140/km² (2025) 301/km² (2025) 46%
Economy
GDP (total) $577B (2025) $514.7B (2025) 1.1×
GDP per capita $8,057 (2025) $5,066 (2025) 1.6×
GNI per capita $7,690 (2025) $4,970 (2025) 1.5×
GDP growth (annual) 2.4% (2025) 8.0% (2025) 30%
Inflation rate -0.1% (2025) 3.3% (2025) N/A
Unemployment rate 0.8% (2025) 1.5% (2025) 51%
Gini index 33.3 (2024) 36.1 (2022) 92%
Poverty rate ($2.15/day) 0.0% (2024) 1.6% (2022) N/A
Trade & industry
Exports share of GDP 71.1% (2025) 98.2% (2025) 72%
Imports share of GDP 67.3% (2025) 92.1% (2025) 73%
Agriculture share of GDP 8.7% (2025) 11.6% (2025) 75%
Manufacturing share of GDP 23.7% (2025) 24.5% (2025) 97%
International tourist arrivals 39.9M (2019) 3.8M (2020) 10×
Tourism receipts $15.4B (2020) $3.2B (2020) 4.8×
Health & education
Life expectancy 76.6 years (2024) 74.7 years (2024) 1.0×
Infant mortality 7.7‰ (2024) 12.0‰ (2024) 64%
Under-five mortality 9.0‰ (2024) 17.3‰ (2024) 52%
DPT immunization 92.0% (2024) 97.0% (2024) 95%
Hospital beds 2.4 per 1,000 (2023) 2.5 per 1,000 (2017) 95%
Health spending share of GDP 4.5% (2023) 4.6% (2023) 99%
Secondary school enrollment 92.1% (2025) 93.4% (2022) 99%
Education spending share of GDP 2.5% (2023) 2.9% (2022) 87%
Society & living
Human Development Index 0.798 (2023) 0.766 (2023) 1.0×
Internet users 90.9% (2024) 84.2% (2024) 1.1×
Mobile subscriptions 160.6 per 100 (2024) 127.6 per 100 (2024) 1.3×
Fixed broadband 14.9 per 100 (2024) 23.7 per 100 (2024) 63%
Electricity access 100.0% (2024) 100.0% (2024) 1.0×
Environment & security
CO₂ emissions per capita 4.0 t (2024) 4.3 t (2024) 93%
CO₂ emissions (total) derived 284 Mt (2024) 431 Mt (2024) 66%
Renewable electricity share 19.9% (2021) 41.2% (2021) 48%
Renewable energy consumption 19.0% (2021) 24.2% (2021) 79%
Forest area 38.7% (2023) 47.4% (2023) 82%
Agricultural land 43.8% (2023) 39.2% (2023) 1.1×
Arable land 31.0% (2023) 21.5% (2023) 1.4×
PM2.5 exposure 23.5 µg/m³ (2023) 24.8 µg/m³ (2023) 95%
Military spending 1.1% (2024) 1.8% (2018) 60%

Population density is our own derived metric: latest population ÷ the equal-area surface area computed from Natural Earth boundaries — the same area basis as the true-size tool.

Reference facts

Metric Thailand Vietnam
Capital Bangkok Hanoi
Languages Thai Vietnamese
Currencies THB VND
Subregion South-Eastern Asia South-Eastern Asia

Frequently asked questions

Which is bigger, Thailand or Vietnam?

Thailand's surface area is larger: about 1.5× Vietnam's (511,931 km² vs 337,184 km²).

Which has a larger population, Thailand or Vietnam?

Thailand's population is smaller: about 70% of Vietnam's (71.6M vs 101.6M).

Which economy is larger, Thailand or Vietnam?

Thailand's GDP (total) is larger: about 1.1× Vietnam's ($577B vs $514.7B).

Open the interactive compare tool with Thailand and Vietnam preselected

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Distance between Thailand and Vietnam →

Thailand country profile: key metrics vs world median →

Vietnam country profile: key metrics vs world median →

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Data & method

Indicators: World Bank Open Data, 43 indicators — CC BY 4.0 © World Bank — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/; Human Development Index — CC BY 3.0 IGO © United Nations Development Programme — https://hdr.undp.org/terms-use

Boundaries: Natural Earth 1:110m (public domain); surface areas are computed with an equal-area spherical formula (Chamberlin–Duquette).

Reference facts (capital, languages, currencies, subregion): mledoze/countries (ODbL).