Country comparison
Portugal Spain
How do Portugal and Spain compare on area, population, economy and living standards? Every figure below comes from open data, computed at build time.
Portugal vs Spain at a glance
- Portugal's surface area is smaller: about 18% of Spain's (92,230 km² vs 505,976 km²).
- Portugal's population is smaller: about 22% of Spain's (10.8M vs 49.4M).
- Portugal's GDP (total) is smaller: about 18% of Spain's ($346.6B vs $1.9T).
- Portugal's GDP per capita is about 83% of Spain's.
Portugal vs Spain in the world: GDP per capita
GDP per capita log axis
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PortugalSpain — Portugal's GDP per capita is about 83% of Spain's.
| Metric | Portugal | Spain | A vs B |
|---|---|---|---|
| Population & land | |||
| Population | 10.8M (2025) | 49.4M (2025) | 22% |
| Population growth | 1.0% (2025) | 1.0% (2025) | 99% |
| Urban population share | 61.5% (2025) | 80.5% (2025) | 76% |
| Population aged 65+ | 24.9% (2025) | 21.6% (2025) | 1.2× |
| Fertility rate | 1.4 (2024) | 1.1 (2024) | 1.3× |
| Birth rate | 7.9‰ (2024) | 6.5‰ (2024) | 1.2× |
| Death rate | 11.1‰ (2024) | 8.9‰ (2024) | 1.2× |
| Net migration | 16.5K (2025) | 96.6K (2025) | 17% |
| Surface area | 92,230 km² (2023) | 505,976 km² (2023) | 18% |
| Population densityderived | 117/km² (2025) | 97.5/km² (2025) | 1.2× |
| Economy | |||
| GDP (total) | $346.6B (2025) | $1.9T (2025) | 18% |
| GDP per capita | $32,082 (2025) | $38,627 (2025) | 83% |
| GNI per capita | $29,930 (2025) | $37,120 (2025) | 81% |
| GDP growth (annual) | 1.9% (2025) | 2.8% (2025) | 66% |
| Inflation rate | 2.3% (2025) | 2.7% (2025) | 87% |
| Unemployment rate | 6.2% (2025) | 10.4% (2025) | 59% |
| Gini index | 33.9 (2023) | 33.4 (2023) | 1.0× |
| Poverty rate ($2.15/day) | 0.4% (2023) | 0.8% (2023) | 50% |
| Trade & industry | |||
| Exports share of GDP | 43.7% (2025) | 36.6% (2025) | 1.2× |
| Imports share of GDP | 42.7% (2025) | 32.8% (2025) | 1.3× |
| Agriculture share of GDP | 2.0% (2025) | 2.7% (2025) | 73% |
| Manufacturing share of GDP | 11.3% (2025) | 10.6% (2025) | 1.1× |
| International tourist arrivals | 4.2M (2020) | 36.4M (2020) | 12% |
| Tourism receipts | $10.5B (2020) | $31.6B (1998) | 33% |
| Health & education | |||
| Life expectancy | 82.4 years (2024) | 83.9 years (2024) | 98% |
| Infant mortality | 2.7‰ (2024) | 2.6‰ (2024) | 1.0× |
| Under-five mortality | 3.2‰ (2024) | 3.2‰ (2024) | 1.0× |
| DPT immunization | 99.0% (2024) | 94.0% (2024) | 1.1× |
| Hospital beds | 3.5 per 1,000 (2022) | 2.9 per 1,000 (2023) | 1.2× |
| Health spending share of GDP | 10.2% (2024) | 9.2% (2023) | 1.1× |
| Secondary school enrollment | 120.3% (2023) | 118.5% (2024) | 1.0× |
| Education spending share of GDP | 4.6% (2022) | 4.6% (2022) | 99% |
| Society & living | |||
| Human Development Index | 0.890 (2023) | 0.918 (2023) | 97% |
| Internet users | 88.5% (2024) | 95.8% (2024) | 92% |
| Mobile subscriptions | 124.1 per 100 (2024) | 130.3 per 100 (2024) | 95% |
| Fixed broadband | 45.2 per 100 (2024) | 39.2 per 100 (2024) | 1.2× |
| Electricity access | 100.0% (2024) | 100.0% (2024) | 1.0× |
| Environment & security | |||
| CO₂ emissions per capita | 3.3 t (2024) | 4.5 t (2024) | 74% |
| CO₂ emissions (total)derived | 35.6 Mt (2024) | 220 Mt (2024) | 16% |
| Renewable electricity share | 64.9% (2021) | 47.0% (2021) | 1.4× |
| Renewable energy consumption | 32.3% (2021) | 19.0% (2021) | 1.7× |
| Forest area | 36.2% (2023) | 37.2% (2023) | 97% |
| Agricultural land | 43.3% (2023) | 49.6% (2023) | 87% |
| Arable land | 10.1% (2023) | 23.0% (2023) | 44% |
| PM2.5 exposure | 8.8 µg/m³ (2023) | 10.1 µg/m³ (2023) | 87% |
| Military spending | 1.5% (2024) | 1.4% (2024) | 1.1× |
Population density is our own derived metric: latest population ÷ the displayed surface area (World Bank surface-area figures where available) — so it can differ from the World Bank's own land-area-based density.
Portugal
- Capital
- Lisbon
- Languages
- Portuguese
- Currencies
- EUR
- Subregion
- Southern Europe
Spain
- Capital
- Madrid
- Languages
- Spanish
- Currencies
- EUR
- Subregion
- Southern Europe
Portugal vs Spain in five metrics
Full metric comparison
| Metric | Portugal | Spain | A vs B |
|---|---|---|---|
| Population & land | |||
| Population | 10.8M (2025) | 49.4M (2025) | 22% |
| Population growth | 1.0% (2025) | 1.0% (2025) | 99% |
| Urban population share | 61.5% (2025) | 80.5% (2025) | 76% |
| Population aged 65+ | 24.9% (2025) | 21.6% (2025) | 1.2× |
| Fertility rate | 1.4 (2024) | 1.1 (2024) | 1.3× |
| Birth rate | 7.9‰ (2024) | 6.5‰ (2024) | 1.2× |
| Death rate | 11.1‰ (2024) | 8.9‰ (2024) | 1.2× |
| Net migration | 16.5K (2025) | 96.6K (2025) | 17% |
| Surface area | 92,230 km² (2023) | 505,976 km² (2023) | 18% |
| Population density derived | 117/km² (2025) | 97.5/km² (2025) | 1.2× |
| Economy | |||
| GDP (total) | $346.6B (2025) | $1.9T (2025) | 18% |
| GDP per capita | $32,082 (2025) | $38,627 (2025) | 83% |
| GNI per capita | $29,930 (2025) | $37,120 (2025) | 81% |
| GDP growth (annual) | 1.9% (2025) | 2.8% (2025) | 66% |
| Inflation rate | 2.3% (2025) | 2.7% (2025) | 87% |
| Unemployment rate | 6.2% (2025) | 10.4% (2025) | 59% |
| Gini index | 33.9 (2023) | 33.4 (2023) | 1.0× |
| Poverty rate ($2.15/day) | 0.4% (2023) | 0.8% (2023) | 50% |
| Trade & industry | |||
| Exports share of GDP | 43.7% (2025) | 36.6% (2025) | 1.2× |
| Imports share of GDP | 42.7% (2025) | 32.8% (2025) | 1.3× |
| Agriculture share of GDP | 2.0% (2025) | 2.7% (2025) | 73% |
| Manufacturing share of GDP | 11.3% (2025) | 10.6% (2025) | 1.1× |
| International tourist arrivals | 4.2M (2020) | 36.4M (2020) | 12% |
| Tourism receipts | $10.5B (2020) | $31.6B (1998) | 33% |
| Health & education | |||
| Life expectancy | 82.4 years (2024) | 83.9 years (2024) | 98% |
| Infant mortality | 2.7‰ (2024) | 2.6‰ (2024) | 1.0× |
| Under-five mortality | 3.2‰ (2024) | 3.2‰ (2024) | 1.0× |
| DPT immunization | 99.0% (2024) | 94.0% (2024) | 1.1× |
| Hospital beds | 3.5 per 1,000 (2022) | 2.9 per 1,000 (2023) | 1.2× |
| Health spending share of GDP | 10.2% (2024) | 9.2% (2023) | 1.1× |
| Secondary school enrollment | 120.3% (2023) | 118.5% (2024) | 1.0× |
| Education spending share of GDP | 4.6% (2022) | 4.6% (2022) | 99% |
| Society & living | |||
| Human Development Index | 0.890 (2023) | 0.918 (2023) | 97% |
| Internet users | 88.5% (2024) | 95.8% (2024) | 92% |
| Mobile subscriptions | 124.1 per 100 (2024) | 130.3 per 100 (2024) | 95% |
| Fixed broadband | 45.2 per 100 (2024) | 39.2 per 100 (2024) | 1.2× |
| Electricity access | 100.0% (2024) | 100.0% (2024) | 1.0× |
| Environment & security | |||
| CO₂ emissions per capita | 3.3 t (2024) | 4.5 t (2024) | 74% |
| CO₂ emissions (total) derived | 35.6 Mt (2024) | 220 Mt (2024) | 16% |
| Renewable electricity share | 64.9% (2021) | 47.0% (2021) | 1.4× |
| Renewable energy consumption | 32.3% (2021) | 19.0% (2021) | 1.7× |
| Forest area | 36.2% (2023) | 37.2% (2023) | 97% |
| Agricultural land | 43.3% (2023) | 49.6% (2023) | 87% |
| Arable land | 10.1% (2023) | 23.0% (2023) | 44% |
| PM2.5 exposure | 8.8 µg/m³ (2023) | 10.1 µg/m³ (2023) | 87% |
| Military spending | 1.5% (2024) | 1.4% (2024) | 1.1× |
Population density is our own derived metric: latest population ÷ the displayed surface area (World Bank surface-area figures where available) — so it can differ from the World Bank's own land-area-based density.
Reference facts
| Metric | Portugal | Spain |
|---|---|---|
| Capital | Lisbon | Madrid |
| Languages | Portuguese | Spanish |
| Currencies | EUR | EUR |
| Subregion | Southern Europe | Southern Europe |
Frequently asked questions
Which is bigger, Portugal or Spain?
Portugal's surface area is smaller: about 18% of Spain's (92,230 km² vs 505,976 km²).
Which has a larger population, Portugal or Spain?
Portugal's population is smaller: about 22% of Spain's (10.8M vs 49.4M).
Which economy is larger, Portugal or Spain?
Portugal's GDP (total) is smaller: about 18% of Spain's ($346.6B vs $1.9T).
Which has a higher GDP per capita, Portugal or Spain?
Portugal's GDP per capita is smaller: about 83% of Spain's ($32,082 vs $38,627).
Related tools and comparisons
Open the interactive compare tool with Portugal and Spain preselected
See Portugal and Spain's true size on a drag-and-drop map →
Distance between Portugal and Spain →
Portugal country profile: key metrics vs world median →
Spain country profile: key metrics vs world median →
More comparisons with Portugal and Spain
Data & method
Indicators: World Bank Open Data, 43 indicators — CC BY 4.0 © World Bank — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/; Surface area (sq. km) — CC BY 4.0 © World Bank — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/; Human Development Index — CC BY 3.0 IGO © United Nations Development Programme — https://hdr.undp.org/terms-use
Boundaries: Natural Earth 1:110m (public domain); surface areas follow the World Bank AG.SRF.TOTL.K2 figures, with mledoze/countries (or a measured Natural Earth boundary, marked †) only where World Bank coverage is missing.
Reference facts (capital, languages, currencies, subregion): mledoze/countries (ODbL).