Country comparison
Colombia Peru
How do Colombia and Peru compare on area, population, economy and living standards? Every figure below comes from open data, computed at build time.
Colombia vs Peru at a glance
- Colombia's surface area is smaller: about 89% of Peru's (1,140,619 km² vs 1,285,216 km²).
- Colombia's population is larger: about 1.5× Peru's (53.4M vs 34.6M).
- Colombia's GDP (total) is larger: about 1.4× Peru's ($457.4B vs $334.9B).
- Colombia's GDP per capita is about 88% of Peru's.
Colombia vs Peru in the world: GDP per capita
GDP per capita log axis
Every dot is one country with data — the two highlighted dots are these countries; the dashed line marks the world median. Wide-range metrics use a logarithmic axis (tagged).
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ColombiaPeru — Colombia's GDP per capita is about 88% of Peru's.
| Metric | Colombia | Peru | A vs B |
|---|---|---|---|
| Population & land | |||
| Population | 53.4M (2025) | 34.6M (2025) | 1.5× |
| Population growth | 1.0% (2025) | 1.0% (2025) | 97% |
| Urban population share | 78.8% (2025) | 85.6% (2025) | 92% |
| Population aged 65+ | 10.2% (2025) | 9.5% (2025) | 1.1× |
| Fertility rate | 1.6 (2024) | 2.0 (2024) | 83% |
| Birth rate | 13.3‰ (2024) | 15.8‰ (2024) | 84% |
| Death rate | 5.5‰ (2024) | 5.6‰ (2024) | 98% |
| Net migration | 129.1K (2025) | 11.9K (2025) | 11× |
| Surface area | 1,140,619 km² (2023) | 1,285,216 km² (2023) | 89% |
| Population densityderived | 46.8/km² (2025) | 26.9/km² (2025) | 1.7× |
| Economy | |||
| GDP (total) | $457.4B (2025) | $334.9B (2025) | 1.4× |
| GDP per capita | $8,562 (2025) | $9,684 (2025) | 88% |
| GNI per capita | $7,900 (2025) | $8,430 (2025) | 94% |
| GDP growth (annual) | 2.6% (2025) | 3.4% (2025) | 77% |
| Inflation rate | 5.1% (2025) | 1.5% (2025) | 3.4× |
| Unemployment rate | 8.3% (2025) | 5.1% (2025) | 1.6× |
| Gini index | 54.4 (2024) | 40.1 (2024) | 1.4× |
| Poverty rate ($2.15/day) | 8.5% (2024) | 5.1% (2024) | 1.7× |
| Trade & industry | |||
| Exports share of GDP | 15.0% (2025) | 30.0% (2025) | 50% |
| Imports share of GDP | 20.4% (2025) | 21.8% (2025) | 93% |
| Agriculture share of GDP | 9.9% (2025) | 7.5% (2024) | 1.3× |
| Manufacturing share of GDP | 9.9% (2025) | 12.2% (2024) | 81% |
| International tourist arrivals | 1.4M (2020) | 1.1M (2020) | 1.2× |
| Tourism receipts | $2B (2020) | $1B (2020) | 2.0× |
| Health & education | |||
| Life expectancy | 77.9 years (2024) | 77.9 years (2024) | 100% |
| Infant mortality | 10.5‰ (2024) | 11.0‰ (2024) | 95% |
| Under-five mortality | 11.5‰ (2024) | 12.9‰ (2024) | 89% |
| DPT immunization | 89.0% (2024) | 80.0% (2024) | 1.1× |
| Hospital beds | 1.7 per 1,000 (2020) | 1.6 per 1,000 (2023) | 1.1× |
| Health spending share of GDP | 8.1% (2024) | 5.6% (2023) | 1.4× |
| Secondary school enrollment | 101.6% (2022) | 108.3% (2024) | 94% |
| Education spending share of GDP | 5.3% (2020) | 4.4% (2024) | 1.2× |
| Society & living | |||
| Human Development Index | 0.788 (2023) | 0.794 (2023) | 99% |
| Internet users | 79.3% (2024) | 82.0% (2024) | 97% |
| Mobile subscriptions | 174.1 per 100 (2024) | 124.6 per 100 (2024) | 1.4× |
| Fixed broadband | 17.2 per 100 (2024) | 11.7 per 100 (2024) | 1.5× |
| Electricity access | 98.9% (2024) | 96.5% (2024) | 1.0× |
| Environment & security | |||
| CO₂ emissions per capita | 1.8 t (2024) | 2.0 t (2024) | 89% |
| CO₂ emissions (total)derived | 95.1 Mt (2024) | 69.3 Mt (2024) | 1.4× |
| Renewable electricity share | 75.1% (2021) | 61.8% (2021) | 1.2× |
| Renewable energy consumption | 29.7% (2021) | 30.6% (2021) | 97% |
| Forest area | 52.8% (2023) | 56.1% (2023) | 94% |
| Agricultural land | 36.5% (2023) | 19.1% (2023) | 1.9× |
| Arable land | 2.3% (2023) | 3.1% (2023) | 75% |
| PM2.5 exposure | 18.4 µg/m³ (2023) | 31.1 µg/m³ (2023) | 59% |
| Military spending | 3.4% (2024) | 0.9% (2024) | 3.7× |
Population density is our own derived metric: latest population ÷ the displayed surface area (World Bank surface-area figures where available) — so it can differ from the World Bank's own land-area-based density.
Colombia
- Capital
- Bogotá
- Languages
- Spanish
- Currencies
- COP
- Subregion
- South America
Peru
- Capital
- Lima
- Languages
- Aymara, Quechua, Spanish
- Currencies
- PEN
- Subregion
- South America
Colombia vs Peru in five metrics
Full metric comparison
| Metric | Colombia | Peru | A vs B |
|---|---|---|---|
| Population & land | |||
| Population | 53.4M (2025) | 34.6M (2025) | 1.5× |
| Population growth | 1.0% (2025) | 1.0% (2025) | 97% |
| Urban population share | 78.8% (2025) | 85.6% (2025) | 92% |
| Population aged 65+ | 10.2% (2025) | 9.5% (2025) | 1.1× |
| Fertility rate | 1.6 (2024) | 2.0 (2024) | 83% |
| Birth rate | 13.3‰ (2024) | 15.8‰ (2024) | 84% |
| Death rate | 5.5‰ (2024) | 5.6‰ (2024) | 98% |
| Net migration | 129.1K (2025) | 11.9K (2025) | 11× |
| Surface area | 1,140,619 km² (2023) | 1,285,216 km² (2023) | 89% |
| Population density derived | 46.8/km² (2025) | 26.9/km² (2025) | 1.7× |
| Economy | |||
| GDP (total) | $457.4B (2025) | $334.9B (2025) | 1.4× |
| GDP per capita | $8,562 (2025) | $9,684 (2025) | 88% |
| GNI per capita | $7,900 (2025) | $8,430 (2025) | 94% |
| GDP growth (annual) | 2.6% (2025) | 3.4% (2025) | 77% |
| Inflation rate | 5.1% (2025) | 1.5% (2025) | 3.4× |
| Unemployment rate | 8.3% (2025) | 5.1% (2025) | 1.6× |
| Gini index | 54.4 (2024) | 40.1 (2024) | 1.4× |
| Poverty rate ($2.15/day) | 8.5% (2024) | 5.1% (2024) | 1.7× |
| Trade & industry | |||
| Exports share of GDP | 15.0% (2025) | 30.0% (2025) | 50% |
| Imports share of GDP | 20.4% (2025) | 21.8% (2025) | 93% |
| Agriculture share of GDP | 9.9% (2025) | 7.5% (2024) | 1.3× |
| Manufacturing share of GDP | 9.9% (2025) | 12.2% (2024) | 81% |
| International tourist arrivals | 1.4M (2020) | 1.1M (2020) | 1.2× |
| Tourism receipts | $2B (2020) | $1B (2020) | 2.0× |
| Health & education | |||
| Life expectancy | 77.9 years (2024) | 77.9 years (2024) | 100% |
| Infant mortality | 10.5‰ (2024) | 11.0‰ (2024) | 95% |
| Under-five mortality | 11.5‰ (2024) | 12.9‰ (2024) | 89% |
| DPT immunization | 89.0% (2024) | 80.0% (2024) | 1.1× |
| Hospital beds | 1.7 per 1,000 (2020) | 1.6 per 1,000 (2023) | 1.1× |
| Health spending share of GDP | 8.1% (2024) | 5.6% (2023) | 1.4× |
| Secondary school enrollment | 101.6% (2022) | 108.3% (2024) | 94% |
| Education spending share of GDP | 5.3% (2020) | 4.4% (2024) | 1.2× |
| Society & living | |||
| Human Development Index | 0.788 (2023) | 0.794 (2023) | 99% |
| Internet users | 79.3% (2024) | 82.0% (2024) | 97% |
| Mobile subscriptions | 174.1 per 100 (2024) | 124.6 per 100 (2024) | 1.4× |
| Fixed broadband | 17.2 per 100 (2024) | 11.7 per 100 (2024) | 1.5× |
| Electricity access | 98.9% (2024) | 96.5% (2024) | 1.0× |
| Environment & security | |||
| CO₂ emissions per capita | 1.8 t (2024) | 2.0 t (2024) | 89% |
| CO₂ emissions (total) derived | 95.1 Mt (2024) | 69.3 Mt (2024) | 1.4× |
| Renewable electricity share | 75.1% (2021) | 61.8% (2021) | 1.2× |
| Renewable energy consumption | 29.7% (2021) | 30.6% (2021) | 97% |
| Forest area | 52.8% (2023) | 56.1% (2023) | 94% |
| Agricultural land | 36.5% (2023) | 19.1% (2023) | 1.9× |
| Arable land | 2.3% (2023) | 3.1% (2023) | 75% |
| PM2.5 exposure | 18.4 µg/m³ (2023) | 31.1 µg/m³ (2023) | 59% |
| Military spending | 3.4% (2024) | 0.9% (2024) | 3.7× |
Population density is our own derived metric: latest population ÷ the displayed surface area (World Bank surface-area figures where available) — so it can differ from the World Bank's own land-area-based density.
Reference facts
| Metric | Colombia | Peru |
|---|---|---|
| Capital | Bogotá | Lima |
| Languages | Spanish | Aymara, Quechua, Spanish |
| Currencies | COP | PEN |
| Subregion | South America | South America |
Frequently asked questions
Which is bigger, Colombia or Peru?
Colombia's surface area is smaller: about 89% of Peru's (1,140,619 km² vs 1,285,216 km²).
Which has a larger population, Colombia or Peru?
Colombia's population is larger: about 1.5× Peru's (53.4M vs 34.6M).
Which economy is larger, Colombia or Peru?
Colombia's GDP (total) is larger: about 1.4× Peru's ($457.4B vs $334.9B).
Which has a higher GDP per capita, Colombia or Peru?
Colombia's GDP per capita is smaller: about 88% of Peru's ($8,562 vs $9,684).
Related tools and comparisons
Open the interactive compare tool with Colombia and Peru preselected
See Colombia and Peru's true size on a drag-and-drop map →
Distance between Colombia and Peru →
Colombia country profile: key metrics vs world median →
Peru country profile: key metrics vs world median →
More comparisons with Colombia and Peru
Data & method
Indicators: World Bank Open Data, 43 indicators — CC BY 4.0 © World Bank — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/; Surface area (sq. km) — CC BY 4.0 © World Bank — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/; Human Development Index — CC BY 3.0 IGO © United Nations Development Programme — https://hdr.undp.org/terms-use
Boundaries: Natural Earth 1:110m (public domain); surface areas follow the World Bank AG.SRF.TOTL.K2 figures, with mledoze/countries (or a measured Natural Earth boundary, marked †) only where World Bank coverage is missing.
Reference facts (capital, languages, currencies, subregion): mledoze/countries (ODbL).